<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1" ?>
<articles>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id pub-id-type="pid">S1017-854620010001</journal-id>
<journal-title>Revista Médica del Hospital Nacional de Niños Dr. Carlos Sáenz Herrera</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title>Rev. méd. Hosp. Nac. Niños (Costa Rica)</abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1017-8546</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Editorial Nacional de Salud y Seguridad Social</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1017-85462001000100001</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Translocación t(4;11) en médula ósea de infantes con leucemia linfocítica aguda</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Venegas</surname>
<given-names>Patricia</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution>,C.C.S.S. Hospital Nacional de Niños Sección de Citogenética</institution>
<addr-line>San José </addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<year>2001</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<year>2001</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>36</volume>
<fpage>5</fpage>
<lpage>8</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http:/www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1017-85462001000100001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1017-85462001000100001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1017-85462001000100001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p>La translocación t(4; 11) es el hallazgo cromosómico más común en infantes con LLA, es un indicador de pobre pronóstico y es un factor de riesgo independiente. Estos pacientes requieren de una quimioterapia intensiva. Recientes avances en comprender la alteración en la función de los genes fusionados al compararlos con los genes normales provee conocimiento para nuevas estrategias terapéuticas, que permitirá mejorar la respuesta clínica, con menor toxicidad.</p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p>The translocation t(4; 11) is the most common finding in infants with ALL, and is a poor prognostic indicator and is a significant indepent risk factor. The patient with the t(4; 11) require more intensiva quimiotherapy. Recent advances in understanding the alterations in the function of the fusion genes as compared with normal genes provide insights regarding new therapeutic strategies, wich should lead to improve clinical responsos with less toxicity.</p></abstract>
</article-meta>
</front>
<back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Avet-Loiseau</surname>
<given-names>H.</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Fish analysis at diagnosis in acute lymphoblastic leukemia</article-title>
<source>Leuk Lymphoma</source>
<year>1999</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>33</volume><volume>5</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Berger</surname>
<given-names>R</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Prorniscuous genes and chromosomal rearrangement of haematopoietic malignancies</article-title>
<source>Ann. Genet</source>
<year>1999</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>42</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Behm</surname>
<given-names>F</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Raimondi</surname>
<given-names>S</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Frested t</surname>
<given-names>J</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Rearrangement of the MLL gene confers a poor prognosis in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Regardless of presenting age</article-title>
<source>Blood</source>
<year>1996</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>87</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Hunger</surname>
<given-names>S</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>McGavran</surname>
<given-names>L</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Meltesen</surname>
<given-names>L</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Oncogenesis in utero: fetal death due to acute myelogenous leukaemia with an MLL translocation</article-title>
<source>Brit. J. Haematol</source>
<year>1998</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>103</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Konig</surname>
<given-names>M</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Reichel</surname>
<given-names>M</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Marschalek</surname>
<given-names>R</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">A highly specific and sensitiva fluorescense in situ hybridization assay for the detection of t(4;11)(q2l;q23) and concurrent submicroscopic deletions in acute leukaemias</article-title>
<source>Brit. J. Haematol</source>
<year>2002</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>116</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Pui</surname>
<given-names>C-H</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Crist</surname>
<given-names>W</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Look</surname>
<given-names>A</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Biology and clinical significance of cytogenetic abnormalities in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia</article-title>
<source>Blood</source>
<year>1990</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>76</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Richard</surname>
<given-names>A</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Wendy</surname>
<given-names>S</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Dieter</surname>
<given-names>F</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in adults</article-title>
<source>Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in adults</source>
<year>1998</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<publisher-loc>Miami Beach^eFlorida </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name>American Society of Hematology</publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Satake</surname>
<given-names>N</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Maseki</surname>
<given-names>N</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Nishiyama</surname>
<given-names>M</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Chromosome abnormalities and MLL rearrangements in acute myeloid leukemia of infants</article-title>
<source>Leukemia</source>
<year>1999</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>13</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>van der Burg</surname>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Beveloo</surname>
<given-names>H</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Langerak</surname>
<given-names>A</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Rapid and sensitive detection of all types of MLL gene translocations with a single FISH probe set</article-title>
<source>Leukemia</source>
<year>1999</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>13</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>von Bergh</surname>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Gargallo</surname>
<given-names>P</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>De Prijck</surname>
<given-names>B</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Cryptict (4;11) enconding MLL-AF4 dueto insertion of 5 MLL sequences in chromosome 4</article-title>
<source>Leukemia</source>
<year>2001</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>15</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id pub-id-type="pid">S1017-854620010001</journal-id>
<journal-title>Revista Médica del Hospital Nacional de Niños Dr. Carlos Sáenz Herrera</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title>Rev. méd. Hosp. Nac. Niños (Costa Rica)</abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1017-8546</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Editorial Nacional de Salud y Seguridad Social</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1017-85462001000100002</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Interfase-FISH en un paciente con leucemia mielocítica crónica</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Venegas</surname>
<given-names>Patricia</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution>,CCSS Hospital Nacional de Niños Sección de Citogenética</institution>
<addr-line>San José </addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<year>2001</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<year>2001</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>36</volume>
<fpage>9</fpage>
<lpage>13</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http:/www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1017-85462001000100002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1017-85462001000100002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1017-85462001000100002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p>El I-FISH, una técnica de citogenética molecular, es un nuevo test clínico que debe ser realizado y estandarizado en todos los laboratorios de citogenética tanto en Genética clínica como oncohematológica. El cromosoma Filadelfia positivo en este paciente con LMC servirá de marcador cromosómico favorable y permitirá el monitoreo y detección de la enfermedad mínima residual en el transcurso de su enfermedad. Es importante también en casos donde el diagnóstico inicial es inconcluso.</p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p>I-FISH is a new elinical test to be set up and standardized in all clinical cytogenetics and onco-hematology cytogenetics laboratory. Philadelphia positive in this CML patient show an important favourable prognostic marker and will be a reliable for monitoring this patient and for detection of the minimal residual disease. Also is very important in cases when the initial diagnosis is inconclusive.</p></abstract>
</article-meta>
</front>
<back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Ashida</surname>
<given-names>T</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Kanamaru</surname>
<given-names>A</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Differential diagnosis of chronic myeloid leukemia and the related disorders</article-title>
<source>Nippon Rinsho</source>
<year>2001</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>59</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Cuneo</surname>
<given-names>A</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Bigoni</surname>
<given-names>R</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Emmanuel</surname>
<given-names>B</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Fluorescence in situ hybridization for the detection and monitoring of the Ph-positive clone in chronic myelogenous leukemia: comparison with metaphase banding analysis</article-title>
<source>Leukemia</source>
<year>1998</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>12</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Glassman</surname>
<given-names>A</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Cytogenetics, in situ hybridization and molecular approaches the diagnosis of cancer</article-title>
<source>Ann. Clin. Lab. Sci</source>
<year>1998</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>28</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Harrison</surname>
<given-names>C</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">The detection and significance of chromosomal abnormalities in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia</article-title>
<source>Blood Rev</source>
<year>2001</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>15</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Jobanputra</surname>
<given-names>Y</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Kriplani</surname>
<given-names>A</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Chodhry</surname>
<given-names>V</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Detection of chromosomal abnormalities using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)</article-title>
<source>Natl . Med. J</source>
<year>1998</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>11</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Kato</surname>
<given-names>C</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Naoe</surname>
<given-names>T</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Genetic diagnosis of chronic myeloid leukemia</article-title>
<source>Nippon Rinsho</source>
<year>2001</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>59</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Kobzev</surname>
<given-names>Y</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Domracheva</surname>
<given-names>E</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Zakharova</surname>
<given-names>A</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Fluorescence in situ hybridization studies of interphase nuclei assessing response to therapy in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia</article-title>
<source>Cancer Genet. Cytogenet</source>
<year>1998</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>106</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Mohr</surname>
<given-names>B</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Bomhauser</surname>
<given-names>M</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Platzbeeker</surname>
<given-names>U</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Problems with interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization in detecting BCR/ABL-positive cells in some patients using a novel technique with extra signals</article-title>
<source>Cancer Genet. Cytogenet</source>
<year>2001</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>127</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Nordgren</surname>
<given-names>A</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Schoumans</surname>
<given-names>J</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Soderhall</surname>
<given-names>S</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization and spectral karyotyping reveals hidden genetic aberrations in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and a normal banded karyotypes</article-title>
<source>Brit. J. Haematol</source>
<year>2001</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>114</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Wells</surname>
<given-names>S</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Phillips</surname>
<given-names>C</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Farhi</surname>
<given-names>D</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Detection of BCRabl in acute leukemia by molecular and cytogenetic methods</article-title>
<source>Mol. Diagn</source>
<year>1996</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>1</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id pub-id-type="pid">S1017-854620010001</journal-id>
<journal-title>Revista Médica del Hospital Nacional de Niños Dr. Carlos Sáenz Herrera</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title>Rev. méd. Hosp. Nac. Niños (Costa Rica)</abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1017-8546</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Editorial Nacional de Salud y Seguridad Social</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1017-85462001000100003</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Sensibilidad antimierobiana de 4015 cepas de Staphylococcus sp. 1995-2000</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Herrera</surname>
<given-names>Marco L.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Herrera</surname>
<given-names>Marlen</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Vargas</surname>
<given-names>Alvaro</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Moya</surname>
<given-names>Tatiana</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Yock</surname>
<given-names>Isabel</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution>,CCSS Hospital Nacional de Niños División de Microbiología</institution>
<addr-line>San José </addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution>,CCSS Hospital Nacional de Niños Sección de Informática</institution>
<addr-line>San José </addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<year>2001</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<year>2001</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>36</volume>
<fpage>15</fpage>
<lpage>29</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http:/www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1017-85462001000100003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1017-85462001000100003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1017-85462001000100003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p>En este informe, se presenta la incidencia y sensibilidad del grupo de los Staphylococcus spp. coagulase negativo, haciendo énfasis en la diferencia de susceptibilidad existente entre sus especies. Se hace referencia especial a la necesidad de realizar identificación y prueba de susceptibilidad para aislamientos, de este tipo, con importancia clínica.</p></abstract>
</article-meta>
</front>
<back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Kloos</surname>
<given-names>W</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Bannerman</surname>
<given-names>T</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Murray</surname>
<given-names>P</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Baron</surname>
<given-names>E</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Pfaller</surname>
<given-names>M</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Tenover</surname>
<given-names>F</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Yolken</surname>
<given-names>R</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Staphylococcus and Mierococcus</article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Manual of Clinical Microbiology</article-title>
<source>Manual of Clinical Microbiology</source>
<year>1999</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<edition>7th edition</edition>
<publisher-loc>Washington D.C. </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name>American Society of Microbiology</publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id pub-id-type="pid">S1017-854620010001</journal-id>
<journal-title>Revista Médica del Hospital Nacional de Niños Dr. Carlos Sáenz Herrera</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title>Rev. méd. Hosp. Nac. Niños (Costa Rica)</abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1017-8546</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Editorial Nacional de Salud y Seguridad Social</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1017-85462001000100004</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Cepas de Listeria monocytogenes con resistencia antimicrobiana</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Herrera</surname>
<given-names>Marco L.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Vargas</surname>
<given-names>Alvaro</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Moya</surname>
<given-names>Tatiana</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Herrera</surname>
<given-names>José F.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Marín</surname>
<given-names>José P.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Rodríguez</surname>
<given-names>Reymond</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Herrera</surname>
<given-names>Marlen</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution>,CCSS Hospital Nacional de Niños </institution>
<addr-line>San José </addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<year>2001</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<year>2001</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>36</volume>
<fpage>31</fpage>
<lpage>35</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http:/www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1017-85462001000100004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1017-85462001000100004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1017-85462001000100004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p>Este estudio revela cambios importantes en el comportamiento que se consideraba usual para Listeria monocytogenes en humanos, donde los cambios se dan en la resistencia antimicrobiana y en la amplitud de edades involucradas en los procesos infecciosos. Todo esto nos obliga a replantear el manejo y la terapia antimicrobiana en los pacientes afectados por la Listeria monocytogenes.</p></abstract>
</article-meta>
</front>
<back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Charpentier</surname>
<given-names>E</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Antibiotic Resistence in Listeria sp</article-title>
<source>Antimicrob. Agents Chemother</source>
<year>1999</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>2103</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Crespo</surname>
<given-names>M</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Vélez</surname>
<given-names>J</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Castañeda</surname>
<given-names>C</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Aislamientos de Listeria monocytogenes en un hospital del tercer nivel</article-title>
<source>Aislamientos de Listeria monocytogenes en un hospital del tercer nivel</source>
<year>1999</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>30</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Hadom</surname>
<given-names>K</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Hächler</surname>
<given-names>H</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Schaffner</surname>
<given-names>A</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Genetic characterization of plasmid-encoded multiple antibiotic resistence in a strain of Listeria monocytogenes causing endocarditis</article-title>
<source>Eur.J.Clin.Microbiol.Infect.Dis</source>
<year>1988</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>12</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Listeriosis</article-title>
<source>Listeriosis</source>
<year></year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<publisher-loc>Atlanta^eGeorgia </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name>General Information Center For Diseases Control</publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">1129 Multistate Outbreak of Listeriosis</article-title>
<source>1129 Multistate Outbreak of Listeriosis</source>
<year>2000</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>49</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name>Department of Health &amp; Human Services Morbility and Mortality</publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Methods for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility tests for Bacterial That Grow Aerobically. Approved Standard. M7-A3</article-title>
<source>Methods for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility tests for Bacterial That Grow Aerobically. Approved Standard. M7-A3</source>
<year>1993</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<publisher-loc>Villanova^ePA </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name>National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards</publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Schald</surname>
<given-names>W</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Evaluation of Rifampin and other antibiotic against Listeria monocytogenes in vitro and in vivo</article-title>
<source>Rev. Inf. Dis</source>
<year>1999</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<issue>^s3</issue>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Swaminathan</surname>
<given-names>B</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Rocourt</surname>
<given-names>J. T</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Bille</surname>
<given-names>J</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Murray</surname>
<given-names>P</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Baron</surname>
<given-names>E.J</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Pfaller</surname>
<given-names>M</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Tenover</surname>
<given-names>F</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Yolken</surname>
<given-names>R</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Listeria</article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Manual of Clinical Microbiology</article-title>
<source>Manual of Clinical Microbiology</source>
<year>1995</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<edition>5th</edition>
<publisher-loc>Washington D.C </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name>American Society of Microbiology</publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Wiggins</surname>
<given-names>G</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Albritten</surname>
<given-names>W</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Feeley</surname>
<given-names>J</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Antibiotic Susceptibility of clinical isolated of Listeria monocytogenes</article-title>
<source>Antimicrob. Agents Chemother</source>
<year>1978</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>12</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id pub-id-type="pid">S1017-854620010001</journal-id>
<journal-title>Revista Médica del Hospital Nacional de Niños Dr. Carlos Sáenz Herrera</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title>Rev. méd. Hosp. Nac. Niños (Costa Rica)</abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1017-8546</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Editorial Nacional de Salud y Seguridad Social</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1017-85462001000100005</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Métodos de susceptibilidad antifúngica: revisión metodológica</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Méndez</surname>
<given-names>Johana</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Herrera</surname>
<given-names>Marco L.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution>,Instituto Costarricense de Acueductos y Alcantarillados Laboratorio Nacional de Aguas </institution>
<addr-line> </addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution>,CCSS Hospital Nacional de Niños </institution>
<addr-line>San José </addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<year>2001</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<year>2001</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>36</volume>
<fpage>37</fpage>
<lpage>44</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http:/www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1017-85462001000100005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1017-85462001000100005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1017-85462001000100005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri></article-meta>
</front>
<back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Espinel-Ingroff</surname>
<given-names>A</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Pfaller</surname>
<given-names>M</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Antifungal Agents and susceptibility</article-title>
<source>Antifungal Agents and susceptibility</source>
<year>1995</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<edition>6</edition>
<publisher-loc>Washington </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name>American Society for Microbiology Press</publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Espinel-Ingroff</surname>
<given-names>A</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Kerkering</surname>
<given-names>T</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Goldson</surname>
<given-names>P</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Shadomy</surname>
<given-names>S</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Comparison study of broth macrodilution and microdilution antifugal susceptibility</article-title>
<source>J. Clin. Microbiol</source>
<year>1999</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>29</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Espinel-Ingroff</surname>
<given-names>A</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>White</surname>
<given-names>T</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Pfaller</surname>
<given-names>M.A</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Antifungal Agents and Susceptibility Tests</article-title>
<source>Antifungal Agents and Susceptibility Tests</source>
<year>1999</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<edition>ed 7</edition>
<publisher-loc>Washington, D.C </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name>American Society for Mierobiology</publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Rex</surname>
<given-names>J</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Pfaller</surname>
<given-names>M</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Rinaldi</surname>
<given-names>G</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Antifungal susceptibility testing</article-title>
<source>Clin. Microbiol. Rev</source>
<year>1993</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>6</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Sánchez</surname>
<given-names>M</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Jones</surname>
<given-names>R</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">E test, an antimicrobial susceptibility testing method with broad clinical and epidemiologic application</article-title>
<source>Antimicrob. Newsl</source>
<year>1992</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>8</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Quindes</surname>
<given-names>G</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Salesa</surname>
<given-names>R</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Carrillo-Muñoz</surname>
<given-names>A</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Multicenter Evaluation of ATB Fungus: A Standardized Micromethod for Yeast Susceptibility Testing</article-title>
<source>Chemotherapy</source>
<year>1994</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>40</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id pub-id-type="pid">S1017-854620010001</journal-id>
<journal-title>Revista Médica del Hospital Nacional de Niños Dr. Carlos Sáenz Herrera</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title>Rev. méd. Hosp. Nac. Niños (Costa Rica)</abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1017-8546</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Editorial Nacional de Salud y Seguridad Social</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1017-85462001000100006</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Aislamiento de cepas de Escherichia spp. diferentes de Escherichia coli en el Hospital Nacional de Niños de 1995 a 2000</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Herrera</surname>
<given-names>Marco</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Moya</surname>
<given-names>Tatiana</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Vargas</surname>
<given-names>Alvaro</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Herrera</surname>
<given-names>Marlen</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Herrera</surname>
<given-names>José F</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Marín</surname>
<given-names>José P</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution>,CCSS Hospital Nacional de Niños </institution>
<addr-line>San José </addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<year>2001</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<year>2001</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>36</volume>
<fpage>45</fpage>
<lpage>49</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http:/www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1017-85462001000100006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1017-85462001000100006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1017-85462001000100006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p>En este artículo, se presenta la información obtenida sobre el aislamiento de especies del género Escherichia, diferentes de la especie coli, donde se resalta que estas poco conocidas especies, sí pueden ser aisladas en Costa Rica y que se les han encontrado produciendo infecciones en sitios previamente reportados en la literatura y con patrones de sensibilidad semejantes a reportes previos.</p></abstract>
</article-meta>
</front>
<back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Brenner</surname>
<given-names>D</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Davis</surname>
<given-names>B</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Stelgerwalt</surname>
<given-names>A</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Atypical biogroups of Escherichia coli found in clinical specimens and description of Escherichia hermannii ssp. nov</article-title>
<source>J. Clin. Microbiol</source>
<year>1982</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>15</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Brenner</surname>
<given-names>D</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>McWhorter</surname>
<given-names>A</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Leeteknutson</surname>
<given-names>I</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Escherichia vulneras: A new species of Enterobacteriaceae associated with human wounds</article-title>
<source>J. Clin. Microbiol</source>
<year>1982</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>15</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Dye</surname>
<given-names>K</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Dall</surname>
<given-names>L</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Yuhas</surname>
<given-names>J</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Escherichia vulneras: Isolation and Treatinent</article-title>
<source>South. Med. J</source>
<year>1984</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>77</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Farmer</surname>
<given-names>J.J</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Baron</surname>
<given-names>E.J</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Pfaller</surname>
<given-names>M.A</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Tenover</surname>
<given-names>F.C</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Yolken</surname>
<given-names>R.H</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Enterobacteriaceae: Introduction and Identification</article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Manual of Clinical Microbiology</article-title>
<source>Manual of Clinical Microbiology</source>
<year>1995</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<edition>6th</edition>
<publisher-loc>Washington </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name>American Society for Microbiology</publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Fanner</surname>
<given-names>J.J</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Fanning</surname>
<given-names>G</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Davis</surname>
<given-names>B</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Escherichia fergusonii and Enterobacter taylorac, two new species of Enterobacteriaceae isolated from clinical specimens</article-title>
<source>J. Clin. Microbiol.</source>
<year>1985</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>21</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Frenney</surname>
<given-names>J</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Gavini</surname>
<given-names>F</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Ploton</surname>
<given-names>C</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Isolation of Escherichia fergusonii from a patient with septicemia in France</article-title>
<source>Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect.Dis</source>
<year>1987</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>6</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Funke</surname>
<given-names>G</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Hany</surname>
<given-names>A</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Isolation of Escherichia fergusonii froM four different sites in a patient with pancreatic carcinoma and cholangiosepsis</article-title>
<source>J.Clin.Microbiol</source>
<year>1993</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>31</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Ginberg</surname>
<given-names>H</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Daun</surname>
<given-names>R</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Escherichia hermannii sepsis with duodenal perforation in a neonate</article-title>
<source>Pediat. Infect. Dis. J</source>
<year>1987</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>3</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Gray</surname>
<given-names>L.D</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Baron</surname>
<given-names>E.J</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Pfaller</surname>
<given-names>M.A.</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Tenover</surname>
<given-names>F.C</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Yolken</surname>
<given-names>R.H</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Escherichia, Salmonella, Shigella y Yersinia</article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Manual of Clinical Microbiology</article-title>
<source>Manual of Clinical Microbiology</source>
<year>1995</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<edition>6th</edition>
<publisher-loc>Washington D.C </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name>American Society for Microbiology</publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Levine</surname>
<given-names>W</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Golberg</surname>
<given-names>M</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Escherichia vulneris osteomyelitis of the tibia caused by a wooden foring body</article-title>
<source>Orthop. Rev</source>
<year>1994</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>23</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Mahon</surname>
<given-names>C</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Manuselis</surname>
<given-names>G</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology</article-title>
<source>Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology</source>
<year>2000</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<edition>2 Ed</edition>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name>W.B. Saunders Company</publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Pien</surname>
<given-names>F</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Shrum</surname>
<given-names>S</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Sweson</surname>
<given-names>J</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Colonization of human wounds by Escherichia vulneris and Escherichia hennannii</article-title>
<source>J. Clin. Microbiol</source>
<year>1985</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>22</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id pub-id-type="pid">S1017-854620010001</journal-id>
<journal-title>Revista Médica del Hospital Nacional de Niños Dr. Carlos Sáenz Herrera</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title>Rev. méd. Hosp. Nac. Niños (Costa Rica)</abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1017-8546</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Editorial Nacional de Salud y Seguridad Social</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1017-85462001000100007</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Serratia marcescens: análisis de 432 aislamientos. Hospital Nacional de Niños</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Duarte</surname>
<given-names>Isabel</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Vargas</surname>
<given-names>Alvaro</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Herrera</surname>
<given-names>José Fabio</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Moya</surname>
<given-names>Tatiana</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Herrera</surname>
<given-names>Marlen</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Marín</surname>
<given-names>José Pablo</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Yock</surname>
<given-names>Isabel</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Herrera</surname>
<given-names>Marco Luis</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution>,CCSS Hospital Nacional de Niños Laboratorio Clínico</institution>
<addr-line>San José </addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution>,CCSS Hospital Nacional de Niños Departamento de Informática</institution>
<addr-line>San José </addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<year>2001</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<year>2001</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>36</volume>
<fpage>51</fpage>
<lpage>55</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http:/www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1017-85462001000100007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1017-85462001000100007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1017-85462001000100007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p>En el presente informe, se presenta la información obtenida, sobre la Serratia marcescens, al revisar los archivos de la División de Microbiología del Hospital Nacional de Niños. Se hace énfasis en el tipo de muestra en la que se aisló el agente, en el aumento en el número de aislamientos, en la sensibilidad antimicrobiana mostrada por la bacteria y algunas otras características especiales de estos aislamientos.</p></abstract>
</article-meta>
</front>
<back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Abbott</surname>
<given-names>S</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Murray</surname>
<given-names>P</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Baron</surname>
<given-names>E</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Pfaller</surname>
<given-names>M</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Tenover</surname>
<given-names>F</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Yolken</surname>
<given-names>R</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Citrobacter, and Serratia</article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Manual of Clinical Microbiology</article-title>
<source>Manual of Clinical Microbiology</source>
<year>1999</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<edition>7th</edition>
<publisher-loc>Washington </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name>American Society of Microbiology</publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">United States geographic bacteria susceptibility pattems</article-title>
<source>Amer. J. Clin. Pathol</source>
<year>1996</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>106</volume><volume>275</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Berthelot</surname>
<given-names>P</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Grattard</surname>
<given-names>F</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Amerger</surname>
<given-names>C</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Investigation of a nosocomial outbreak due to Serratia marcescens in a maternity hospital</article-title>
<source>Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol</source>
<year>1999</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>20</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Fleisher</surname>
<given-names>F</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Zimmerman-Baer</surname>
<given-names>U</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Zbinden</surname>
<given-names>R</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Three Consecutive Outbreaks of Serratia marcescens in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit</article-title>
<source>Clin. Infect. Dis</source>
<year>2002</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>34</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Grimont</surname>
<given-names>F</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Grimont</surname>
<given-names>P</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Starr</surname>
<given-names>M</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Stolp</surname>
<given-names>H</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Tr_per</surname>
<given-names>H</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">The Genus Serratia</article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en">The Prokaryotes: a Handbook on Habitants, Isolation, and identification of Bacteria</article-title>
<source>The Prokaryotes: a Handbook on Habitants, Isolation, and identification of Bacteria</source>
<year>1981</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<publisher-loc>Berlin </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name>Springer-Verlag</publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Janda</surname>
<given-names>J</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Abbott</surname>
<given-names>S</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">The Enterobacteria</article-title>
<source>The Enterobacteria</source>
<year>1998</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<publisher-loc>Philadelphia^ePA </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name>Lippincott-Raven</publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Miranda</surname>
<given-names>G</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Kelly</surname>
<given-names>C</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Solórzano</surname>
<given-names>F</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Use of pulsed-field gel electroforesis typing to study an outbreak of infection due to Serratia marcescens in a neonatal intensiva care unit</article-title>
<source>J.Clin.Microb</source>
<year>1996</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>34</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Schaberg</surname>
<given-names>D</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Culver</surname>
<given-names>D</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Gaynes</surname>
<given-names>R</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Major trends in the microbial etiology of nosocomial infection</article-title>
<source>Amer.J.Med</source>
<year>1991</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<issue>^s3B</issue>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Zaidi</surname>
<given-names>M</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Sifuentes</surname>
<given-names>J</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Bobadilla</surname>
<given-names>M</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Epidemie of Serratia marcescens bacteremia and meningitis in a neonatal unit in México City</article-title>
<source>Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol</source>
<year>1989</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>10</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id pub-id-type="pid">S1017-854620010001</journal-id>
<journal-title>Revista Médica del Hospital Nacional de Niños Dr. Carlos Sáenz Herrera</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title>Rev. méd. Hosp. Nac. Niños (Costa Rica)</abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1017-8546</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Editorial Nacional de Salud y Seguridad Social</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1017-85462001000100008</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Morganella morganii: estudio sobre el aislamiento de 192 cepas en el Hospital Nacional de Niños, entre 1995 y 2000</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Moya</surname>
<given-names>Tatiana</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Herrera</surname>
<given-names>Marco</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Vargas</surname>
<given-names>Alvaro</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Herrera</surname>
<given-names>José F</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Marín</surname>
<given-names>José P</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Herrera</surname>
<given-names>Marlen</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution>,CCSS Hospital Nacional de Niños Laboratorio Clínico</institution>
<addr-line>San José </addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<year>2001</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<year>2001</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>36</volume>
<fpage>57</fpage>
<lpage>62</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http:/www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1017-85462001000100008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1017-85462001000100008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1017-85462001000100008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p>En este estudio retrospectivo, se presenta la experiencia de 192 aislamientos de Morganella morganii, en un periodo de 6 años en el Hospital Nacional de Niños. Se hace énfasis en la frecuencia de aislamiento por muestra clínica y la sensibilidad antibiótico mostrada por este agente.</p></abstract>
</article-meta>
</front>
<back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Carmona</surname>
<given-names>F</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Fabregues</surname>
<given-names>F</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Alvarez</surname>
<given-names>R</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">A rare case of corioamnionitis by Morganella morganii complicated by sepsis and ARDS</article-title>
<source>Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol</source>
<year>1992</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>45</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Euzéby</surname>
<given-names>J</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="fr">Dictionnarie de bactériologie véterinaire Morganella morganii</article-title>
<source>Dictionnarie de bactériologie véterinaire Morganella morganii</source>
<year></year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Farmer</surname>
<given-names>J.J</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Murray</surname>
<given-names>P</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Baron</surname>
<given-names>E</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Pfaller</surname>
<given-names>M</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Tenover</surname>
<given-names>F</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Yolken</surname>
<given-names>R</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Enterobacteriaceae: Introduction and Identification</article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Manual of Clinical Microbiology</article-title>
<source>Manual of Clinical Microbiology</source>
<year>1995</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<edition>6th</edition>
<publisher-loc>Washington D.C </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name>American Society for Microbiology</publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Gilchrist</surname>
<given-names>M</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Murray</surname>
<given-names>P</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Baron</surname>
<given-names>E</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Pfaller</surname>
<given-names>M</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Tenover</surname>
<given-names>F</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Yolken</surname>
<given-names>R</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Enterobacteriacceae: Opportunistie Pathogens and Other Genera</article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Manual of Clinical Microbiology</article-title>
<source>Manual of Clinical Microbiology</source>
<year>1995</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<edition>6th</edition>
<publisher-loc>Washington D.C </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name>American Society for Microbiology</publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Hickrnan</surname>
<given-names>F</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Farmer</surname>
<given-names>J.J</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Steigerwalt</surname>
<given-names>A</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Unusual groups of Morganella (&quot;Proteus&quot;) morganii isolated from clinical specimens: lisine-positive and omithine-negative biogroups</article-title>
<source>J. Clin.Microbiol</source>
<year>1980</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>12</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Jensen</surname>
<given-names>K</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Fredericksen</surname>
<given-names>W</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Hicianan-Brenner</surname>
<given-names>F</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Steigerwalt</surname>
<given-names>G</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Recognition of Morganella subspecies with proposal of M morganii ssbsp. morganii and Morganellamorganii ssbsp. sibonii</article-title>
<source>Intern. J. Syst. Bacteriol</source>
<year>1992</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>42</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Karger</surname>
<given-names>S</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Basel</surname>
<given-names>A</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Relapsing Henoch-Schonicin Purpura Associated with a Tubo-Ovarian Abscess due to Morganella morganii</article-title>
<source>Amer. J. Nephrology</source>
<year>1995</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>17</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Koneman</surname>
<given-names>E</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Allen</surname>
<given-names>S</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Dowell</surname>
<given-names>Y</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Color Athas and Textbook of Diagnostie Microbiology</article-title>
<source>Color Athas and Textbook of Diagnostie Microbiology</source>
<year>1988</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<edition>3th</edition>
<publisher-loc>Philadelphia </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name>J.B. Lippincott Company</publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Mahon</surname>
<given-names>C</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Manuselis</surname>
<given-names>G</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology</article-title>
<source>Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology</source>
<year>2000</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<edition>2th</edition>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name>W.B. Saunders Company</publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Mapa Microbiológico, Sensibilidad Antimicrobiana</article-title>
<source>Mapa Microbiológico, Sensibilidad Antimicrobiana</source>
<year></year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Morganella morganii</article-title>
<source>Morganella morganii</source>
<year></year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Murray</surname>
<given-names>P</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Rosenthal</surname>
<given-names>K</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Kobayashi</surname>
<given-names>G</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Pfaller</surname>
<given-names>M</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Medical Microbiology</article-title>
<source>Medical Microbiology</source>
<year>1997</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<edition>3th</edition>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name>Editorial Mosby</publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Pignato</surname>
<given-names>S</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Giammanco</surname>
<given-names>G</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Grimont</surname>
<given-names>P</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Molecular characterization of the genera Proteus, Morganella and Providencia by ribotyping</article-title>
<source>J. Clin.Microbiol</source>
<year>1999</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>37</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Salen</surname>
<given-names>P</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Eppes</surname>
<given-names>S</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Morganella morganii a newly reported rare cause of neonatal sepsis</article-title>
<source>Acad. Emerg. Med</source>
<year>1997</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>4</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id pub-id-type="pid">S1017-854620010001</journal-id>
<journal-title>Revista Médica del Hospital Nacional de Niños Dr. Carlos Sáenz Herrera</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title>Rev. méd. Hosp. Nac. Niños (Costa Rica)</abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1017-8546</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Editorial Nacional de Salud y Seguridad Social</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1017-85462001000100009</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Kingella kingae: r evisión de la literatura y análisis de cuatro aislamientos realizados en el Hospital Nacional de Niños</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Solís</surname>
<given-names>Jenny</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Herrera</surname>
<given-names>Marco Luis</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution>,Hospital Tomás Casas Laboratorio Clínico </institution>
<addr-line> </addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution>,CCSS Hospital Nacional de Niños Laboratorio Clínico</institution>
<addr-line>San José </addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<year>2001</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<year>2001</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>36</volume>
<fpage>63</fpage>
<lpage>67</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http:/www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1017-85462001000100009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1017-85462001000100009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1017-85462001000100009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p>Se presenta un estudio sobre Kinguella kingae, un bacilo Gram negativo, fastidioso, cuyo aislamiento en humanos no se reporta con frecuencia. Aunque fue descrito en 1950, no es sino hasta la década de los 90, en que se encuentran reportes en la literatura sobre este agente. Se hace un análisis de 4 casos reportados en el Hospital Nacional de Niños de Costa Rica, en aislamientos en conjunto con otros agentes, lo que no permite asegurar su papel patogénico en esos casos. Se cita la sensibilidad de la bacteria a los antimicrobianos de uso común y se hace énfasis en la necesidad de que se le incluya en la lista de las bacterias poco frecuentes, pero que deben buscarse en muestras específicas como los articulares y sinoviales, en todos los laboratorios clínicos del país.</p></abstract>
</article-meta>
</front>
<back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Amir</surname>
<given-names>J</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Yagupsky</surname>
<given-names>P</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Invasive Kingella kingae infection associated with stomatitis in children Pediat</article-title>
<source>Infec.Dis. J</source>
<year>1998</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>17</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Baron</surname>
<given-names>E</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Peterson</surname>
<given-names>L</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Finegold</surname>
<given-names>S</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Baron</surname>
<given-names>E.J</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Pterson</surname>
<given-names>L.J</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Finegold</surname>
<given-names>S.F</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Genus Kingella</article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Diagnostic Microbiology</article-title>
<source>Diagnostic Microbiology</source>
<year>1998</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>9</volume>
<publisher-loc>Toronto </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name>Edition EditorsMosby</publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Birgisson</surname>
<given-names>H</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Steingrimsson</surname>
<given-names>O</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Gudnason</surname>
<given-names>T</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Kingella kingae infections in paediatric patients: 5 cases of septic arthritis, osteomyelitis and bacteraemia</article-title>
<source>Scand. J. Infect. Dis</source>
<year>1997</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>29</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">M72-4 Kingella kingac Isolate (ATCC 23330)</article-title>
<source>M72-4 Kingella kingac Isolate (ATCC 23330)</source>
<year>Augu</year>
<month>st</month>
<day> 1</day>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Dodman</surname>
<given-names>T</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Robson</surname>
<given-names>J</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Pinccus</surname>
<given-names>D</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Kingella kingae infections in children</article-title>
<source>J. Paediat. Clin. Health</source>
<year>2000</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>36</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Graham</surname>
<given-names>D</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Band</surname>
<given-names>J</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Thomberry</surname>
<given-names>C</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Hollis</surname>
<given-names>D</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Infections caused by Moraxella, Moraxella urethralis, Moraxella-like groups M-5 and M-6, and Kingella kingae in the United States, 1953-1980</article-title>
<source>J. Infec. Dis</source>
<year>1982</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>17</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Groot</surname>
<given-names>R</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Glover</surname>
<given-names>D</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Clausen</surname>
<given-names>C</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Bone and joint infections caused by Kingella kingac: six cases and review of the literature</article-title>
<source>Rev. Infect. Dis</source>
<year>1988</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>10</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Holmes</surname>
<given-names>B</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Pickett</surname>
<given-names>M</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Hollis</surname>
<given-names>D</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Murray</surname>
<given-names>P</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Baron</surname>
<given-names>E</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Pfaller</surname>
<given-names>M</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Tenover</surname>
<given-names>F</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Yolken</surname>
<given-names>R</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Kingella sp</article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Manual of Clinical Microbiology</article-title>
<source>Manual of Clinical Microbiology</source>
<year>1995</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<edition>6</edition>
<publisher-loc>Washington </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name>American Society of Microbiology</publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Host</surname>
<given-names>B</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Schmacher</surname>
<given-names>H</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Prag</surname>
<given-names>J</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Isolation of Kingella kingae from sinovial fluids using four comercial blood culture bottles</article-title>
<source>Eur. J. Clin. Microb. Infect. Dis</source>
<year>2000</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>19</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Jensen</surname>
<given-names>K</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Schonheyder</surname>
<given-names>H</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Thomsen</surname>
<given-names>Y</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">In-vitro activity beta lactwn and other antimicrobial agents against Kingella kingae</article-title>
<source>J. Antimicrob. Chemother</source>
<year>1994</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>33</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Krause</surname>
<given-names>I</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Kingella kingae occult bacteremia in a toddler</article-title>
<source>Pediat. Infect. Dis. J</source>
<year>1996</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>15</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Lundy</surname>
<given-names>D</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Kehl</surname>
<given-names>D</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Increasing prevalence of Kingella kingae in osteoarticular infections in young children</article-title>
<source>J. Paediat. Orthop</source>
<year>1998</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>18</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Mutters</surname>
<given-names>Reiner</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Murray</surname>
<given-names>P</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Baron</surname>
<given-names>E</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Pfaller</surname>
<given-names>M</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Tenover</surname>
<given-names>F</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Yolken</surname>
<given-names>R</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Actinobacillus, Capnocytophaga, Eikenella, Kingella and others fastidious rarely encountered Gram-Negative Rods</article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Manual Of Clinical Microbiology</article-title>
<source>Manual Of Clinical Microbiology</source>
<year>1999</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<edition>7</edition>
<publisher-loc>Washingotn </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name>American Society of Microbiology</publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Scheld</surname>
<given-names>W</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Sarde</surname>
<given-names>M</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Mandel</surname>
<given-names>GL</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Bennett</surname>
<given-names>JE</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Dolin</surname>
<given-names>R</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Endocarditis and Intravascular infections</article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases</article-title>
<source>Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases</source>
<year>1995</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<edition>41</edition>
<publisher-loc>NY </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name>Churchill Livingstone</publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Sordillo</surname>
<given-names>E.M.</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Rendel</surname>
<given-names>M</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Sood</surname>
<given-names>R</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Septicemia due to B-Lactamase-Positive Kingella kingae</article-title>
<source>Clin. Infect. Dis</source>
<year>1993</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>17</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Yagupsky</surname>
<given-names>P</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Dagan</surname>
<given-names>R</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Birgisson</surname>
<given-names>H</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Kingella kingae: an emerging cause of invasive infections in young children</article-title>
<source>Clin. Infect. Dis</source>
<year>1997</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>24</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Yagupsky</surname>
<given-names>P</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Dagan</surname>
<given-names>R</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Kingella kingae bacteremia in children</article-title>
<source>Ped. Inf. Dis. Jour</source>
<year>1999</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>13</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Yagupsky</surname>
<given-names>P</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Dagan</surname>
<given-names>R</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Howard</surname>
<given-names>C</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Clinical features and epidemiology of invasive Kingella kingae infections in southem Israel</article-title>
<source>Pediatrics</source>
<year>1993</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>92</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Yagupsky</surname>
<given-names>P</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Dagan</surname>
<given-names>R</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Howard</surname>
<given-names>C</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">High prevalence of Kingella kingae in joint fluid from children with septic arthritis revealed by the BACTEC blood culture system</article-title>
<source>J. Clin. Microbiol</source>
<year>1992</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>30</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Yagupsky</surname>
<given-names>P</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Dagan</surname>
<given-names>R</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Prajgrod</surname>
<given-names>F</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Merires</surname>
<given-names>M</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Respiratory carriage of Kingella kingae among healthy children</article-title>
<source>Pediat. Infect. Dis. J</source>
<year>1995</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>14</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id pub-id-type="pid">S1017-854620010001</journal-id>
<journal-title>Revista Médica del Hospital Nacional de Niños Dr. Carlos Sáenz Herrera</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title>Rev. méd. Hosp. Nac. Niños (Costa Rica)</abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1017-8546</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Editorial Nacional de Salud y Seguridad Social</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1017-85462001000100010</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Pruebas de sensibilidad a los antibióticos; su utilidad según agente infeccioso</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Villalobos</surname>
<given-names>Karla</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Herrera</surname>
<given-names>Marco L.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution>,Clínica de Especialistas Laboratorio Clínico Milenium </institution>
<addr-line>San José </addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution>,CCSS Hospital Nacional de Niños Laboratorio Clínico</institution>
<addr-line>San José </addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<year>2001</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<year>2001</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>36</volume>
<fpage>69</fpage>
<lpage>76</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http:/www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1017-85462001000100010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1017-85462001000100010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1017-85462001000100010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri></article-meta>
</front>
<back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Chartone de Souza</surname>
<given-names>E</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Las bacterias resistentes, una guerra casi perdida</article-title>
<source>Ciencia Hoy</source>
<year>1999</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>9</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Murray</surname>
<given-names>P</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Kobayashi</surname>
<given-names>G</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Pfaller</surname>
<given-names>M</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Rosenthal</surname>
<given-names>K</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Microbiología Médica</article-title>
<source>Microbiología Médica</source>
<year>1997</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<edition>Segunda Edición</edition>
<publisher-loc>España </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name>Harcourt Brace</publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Jawetz</surname>
<given-names>E</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Melnick</surname>
<given-names>J</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Adelberg</surname>
<given-names>E</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Microbiología Médica</article-title>
<source>Microbiología Médica</source>
<year>1992</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<edition>XV</edition>
<publisher-loc>México, D.F </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name>Editorial Manual Moderno</publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Manual Merck</article-title>
<source>Manual Merck</source>
<year>1989</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<edition>Octava Edición</edition>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name>Ediciones Doyma</publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Ferraro</surname>
<given-names>M</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Jorgensen</surname>
<given-names>J</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Murray</surname>
<given-names>P.R</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Barón</surname>
<given-names>E.J</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Pfaller</surname>
<given-names>M.A</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Tenover</surname>
<given-names>F.C</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Yolken</surname>
<given-names>R.H</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Susceptibility Testing Instrumentation and Computerized Expert Systems for Data Analysis and Interpretatíon</article-title>
<source></source>
<year>2000</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<edition>7'11</edition>
<publisher-loc>Washington D.C </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name>American Society of Microbiology</publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Palacio</surname>
<given-names>R</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Camou</surname>
<given-names>T</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Pérez</surname>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Resistencia a los antibióticos de patógenos bacterianos aislados de infecciones sistémicas: estudio cooperativo</article-title>
<source>Rev. Med. Uruguay</source>
<year>1998</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>14</volume>
<issue>^s2</issue>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Schaechter</surname>
<given-names>M</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Medoff</surname>
<given-names>G</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Eisenstein</surname>
<given-names>B</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Guerra</surname>
<given-names>H</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Microbiología: Mecanismos delas Enfermedades infecciosas</article-title>
<source>Microbiología: Mecanismos delas Enfermedades infecciosas</source>
<year>1996</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<edition>Segunda Edición</edition>
<publisher-loc>Buenos Aires </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name>Williams &amp; Williams/Editorial Médica Panamericana</publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id pub-id-type="pid">S1017-854620010001</journal-id>
<journal-title>Revista Médica del Hospital Nacional de Niños Dr. Carlos Sáenz Herrera</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title>Rev. méd. Hosp. Nac. Niños (Costa Rica)</abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1017-8546</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Editorial Nacional de Salud y Seguridad Social</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1017-85462001000100011</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Betalactamasas: su importancia en la clínica y su detección en el laboratorio</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Abarca</surname>
<given-names>Gabriela</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Herrera</surname>
<given-names>Marco Luis</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution>,CCSS Hospital Nacional de Niños Laboratorio de Tamizaje</institution>
<addr-line> </addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution>,CCSS Hospital Nacional de Niños División de Microbiología</institution>
<addr-line>San José </addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<year>2001</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<year>2001</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>36</volume>
<fpage>77</fpage>
<lpage>104</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http:/www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1017-85462001000100011&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1017-85462001000100011&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1017-85462001000100011&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri></article-meta>
</front>
<back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Aravind</surname>
<given-names>L</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">An evolution classification of the metallo-&lt;img src=&quot;beta.jpg&quot; width=&quot;12&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt; -Lactamases fold proteins</article-title>
<source>An evolution classification of the metallo-&lt;img src=&quot;beta.jpg&quot; width=&quot;12&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt; -Lactamases fold proteins</source>
<year>1988</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name>National Center for Biotechnology</publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Bishop</surname>
<given-names>R</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Weiner</surname>
<given-names>J</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Coordinate regulation of murein peptidase activity and AmpC &lt;img src=&quot;beta.jpg&quot; width=&quot;12&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt; -lactamase synthesis in E. coli</article-title>
<source>Natl. Acad. Sci</source>
<year>1992</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>304</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Bush</surname>
<given-names>K</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Jacoby</surname>
<given-names>G</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Medeiros</surname>
<given-names>A</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">A funcional classification scheme for &lt;img src=&quot;beta.jpg&quot; width=&quot;12&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt; -lactamases and its corelation with molecular structure</article-title>
<source>Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy</source>
<year>1995</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>39</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Bush</surname>
<given-names>K</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Is it important to identify extended-spectrum &lt;img src=&quot;beta.jpg&quot; width=&quot;12&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt; -lactamase-producing?</article-title>
<source>Eur.J Clin. Microbiol. Inf. Dis</source>
<year>1996</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>15</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Carrasco</surname>
<given-names>E</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Cefalosporinas de segunda y tercera generación</article-title>
<source>Boletín de Información Farmacéutica de Navarra</source>
<year>1993</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>2</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Laboratory Capacity to detect antimicrobial resistance</article-title>
<source>CDC Publication</source>
<year>2000</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>48</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Chartone</surname>
<given-names>E</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Las bacterias resistentes</article-title>
<source>Revista de divulgación y Tecnológica de la Asociación Ciencia Hoy</source>
<year>1999</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>9</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Fierer</surname>
<given-names>J</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Guiney</surname>
<given-names>D</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Extended -Spectrum &lt;img src=&quot;beta.jpg&quot; width=&quot;12&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt; -Lactamases &quot;A plague of plasmids&quot;</article-title>
<source>JAMA</source>
<year>1999</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>281</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Fuster</surname>
<given-names>C</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Betalactamasas. Características y papel en la resistencia a los antibióticos</article-title>
<source>Betalactamasas. Características y papel en la resistencia a los antibióticos</source>
<year>1999</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name>Hospital del Bierzo</publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>García</surname>
<given-names>J</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Cantón</surname>
<given-names>R</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Procedimientos en Microbiología Clínica: Recomendaciones de la Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica</article-title>
<source>Procedimientos en Microbiología Clínica: Recomendaciones de la Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica</source>
<year>2000</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Giménez</surname>
<given-names>M</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Matas</surname>
<given-names>L</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Antibióticos en Atención Primaria: Resistencia a los antimicrobianos relacionada con el consumo</article-title>
<source>JANO</source>
<year>1988</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>55</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Goodman</surname>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Gilman</surname>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Las Bases Farmacológicas de la Terapéutica</article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Agentes antimicrobiano</article-title>
<source>Agentes antimicrobiano</source>
<year>1991</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name>Editorial Médica Panamericana</publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Jacques</surname>
<given-names>F</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Consequences of Bacterial Resistance to Antibiotics in Medical Practice</article-title>
<source>Clin. Infect. Dis</source>
<year>1997</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>24</volume>
<issue>^s1 S 17-S 18</issue>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Kobayashi</surname>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Takahashi</surname>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Diffusion of &lt;img src=&quot;beta.jpg&quot; width=&quot;12&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt; -lactam antibiotics through liposome membranas containing purified porins</article-title>
<source>Antimicrob. Agents Chemother</source>
<year>1982</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>22</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Levin</surname>
<given-names>B</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Lipsitch</surname>
<given-names>Y</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">The population Genetics ofantibiotic Resistance</article-title>
<source>Clin. Infect Dis</source>
<year>1977</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>24</volume>
<issue>^s1</issue>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Malouin</surname>
<given-names>F</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Bryan</surname>
<given-names>L</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Modification of penicillin-binding proteins as mechanisms of &lt;img src=&quot;beta.jpg&quot; width=&quot;12&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt; -lactam resistance</article-title>
<source>Antimicrob. Agents Chemother</source>
<year>1986</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>30</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Medeiros</surname>
<given-names>A</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Evolution and dissemination of &lt;img src=&quot;beta.jpg&quot; width=&quot;12&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt; -Lactamases by generations of &lt;img src=&quot;beta.jpg&quot; width=&quot;12&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt; -Lactam. Antibiotics</article-title>
<source>Clin. Infect. Dis</source>
<year>1997</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>24</volume>
<issue>^s24</issue>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Mulgrave</surname>
<given-names>L</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Extended Spectrum &lt;img src=&quot;beta.jpg&quot; width=&quot;12&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt; -Lactamase Detection in the Clinical Laboratory: A Mini-Review</article-title>
<source>Australian Society for Antimicrobials newsletter</source>
<year>1999</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>200</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Nagel</surname>
<given-names>R</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">La resistencia de las bacterias a los antibióticos ¿Un camino sin retomo?</article-title>
<source>Revista de divulgación y Tecnológica de la Asociación Ciencia Hoy</source>
<year>2000</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>1</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Performance standards for animicrobial susceptibility testing: Laboratory detection of oxacillin-resistant coagulasenegative Staphylococcus spp, Laboratory detection of extended- spectrum B-lactamases (ESBLs), Laboratory detection of Imipemen or Meropenem Resistance in gram-negative organisms, Laboratory detection of oxacillin/methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).NCCLS approved estandar M100-S9</article-title>
<source>Performance standards for animicrobial susceptibility testing: Laboratory detection of oxacillin-resistant coagulasenegative Staphylococcus spp, Laboratory detection of extended- spectrum B-lactamases (ESBLs), Laboratory detection of Imipemen or Meropenem Resistance in gram-negative organisms, Laboratory detection of oxacillin/methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).NCCLS approved estandar M100-S9</source>
<year>1999</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<publisher-loc>Wayne^ePA </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name>National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standarde</publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Pérez</surname>
<given-names>J</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Gimeno</surname>
<given-names>C</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">B -lactamasas plasmídicas de espectro ampliado: Experiencia del programa de control de calidad, dos años después</article-title>
<source>B -lactamasas plasmídicas de espectro ampliado: Experiencia del programa de control de calidad, dos años después</source>
<year>1999</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Piroth</surname>
<given-names>L</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Aubé</surname>
<given-names>H</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Spread of Extended-Spectrum &lt;img src=&quot;beta.jpg&quot; width=&quot;12&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt; -lactamase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae: Are &lt;img src=&quot;beta.jpg&quot; width=&quot;12&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt; -Lactamase Inhibitors of Therapeutic value?</article-title>
<source>Clin. Infect. Dis</source>
<year>1998</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>27</volume>
<issue>^s1</issue>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Sanders</surname>
<given-names>P</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Tratamientos terapéuticos y antibiorresistencia</article-title>
<source>Le point veterinaria</source>
<year>1999</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>30</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Schentag</surname>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Strenkoski</surname>
<given-names>L</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Pharmacodynarnic Interactions of Antibiotics Alone and in combination</article-title>
<source>Clin. Infect. Dis</source>
<year>1998</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>27</volume>
<issue>^s1</issue>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Spratt</surname>
<given-names>B</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Distinct penicillin binding proteins involved in the division, elongation and shape of E. coli K 12</article-title>
<source>Proc. Natl. Acod. Sci</source>
<year>1975</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>72</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Tabau</surname>
<given-names>F</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Palláres</surname>
<given-names>R</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Detección de la resistencia en Streptococcus pneumoniae y consideraciones sobre el tratamiento de la infección respiratoria por neumococos resistentes: Control de calidad SEIMC</article-title>
<source>Detección de la resistencia en Streptococcus pneumoniae y consideraciones sobre el tratamiento de la infección respiratoria por neumococos resistentes: Control de calidad SEIMC</source>
<year>2000</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Trehan</surname>
<given-names>l</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Inhibition of AmpC beta-Lactamase through a Destabilizing Interaction in the Active Site</article-title>
<source>Biochemistry</source>
<year>2001</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>40</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Turnidge</surname>
<given-names>J</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">The pharmacodynamics of &lt;img src=&quot;beta.jpg&quot; width=&quot;12&quot; height=&quot;19&quot;&gt; -Lactams</article-title>
<source>Clin. Infect. Dis</source>
<year>1998</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>27</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Washinton</surname>
<given-names>J</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Functions and activities of the area committee on microbiology of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards</article-title>
<source>Clin. Microbiol. Rev</source>
<year>1994</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>4</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Wiener</surname>
<given-names>J</given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname>Quirm</surname>
<given-names>J</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Multiple Antibiotic-Resistant Kiebsiella and Escherichia coli in Nursing Homes</article-title>
<source>JAMA</source>
<year>1999</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<volume>281</volume>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Zhang</surname>
<given-names>H</given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Determinan cómo se produce la resistencia a betalactámicos</article-title>
<source>Diario Médico</source>
<year>2001</year>
<month></month>
<day></day>
<publisher-loc> </publisher-loc>
<publisher-name></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
</articles>
