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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id pub-id-type="pid">S1409-001520070002</journal-id>
<journal-title>Medicina Legal de Costa Rica</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title>Med. leg. Costa Rica</abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1409-0015</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Asociación Costarricense de Medicina Forense</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1409-00152007000200001</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Jornadas en Tambor</article-title>
</title-group>
<aff id="A">
<institution>,  </institution>
<addr-line> </addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<month>09</month>
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>24</volume>
<fpage>3</fpage>
<lpage>5</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http:/www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1409-00152007000200001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1409-00152007000200001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1409-00152007000200001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri></article-meta>
</front>
</article>
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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id pub-id-type="pid">S1409-001520070002</journal-id>
<journal-title>Medicina Legal de Costa Rica</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title>Med. leg. Costa Rica</abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1409-0015</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Asociación Costarricense de Medicina Forense</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1409-00152007000200003</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Credibilidad de las pericias psicológicas y psiquiátricas realizadas a manores ofendidos dentro del procedimiento penal</article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Credibility of psychological and psychiatric skilled procedures made to offended minors within penal procedures</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Mena Baide</surname>
<given-names>Fátima P</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Fernández Calvo</surname>
<given-names>Miguel E</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution>,Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica  </institution>
<addr-line> </addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution>,Universidad Nacional  </institution>
<addr-line> </addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<month>09</month>
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>24</volume>
<fpage>7</fpage>
<lpage>46</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http:/www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1409-00152007000200003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1409-00152007000200003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1409-00152007000200003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p>Como parte de la implementación del sistema adversarial al proceso penal costarricense y la inminente eliminación del Consejo Médico Forense, se hace necesario que los psiquiatras y psicólogos forenses conozcan cuales son los nuevos retos a los que se enfrentaran al presentarse a debate y ser cuestionados, en cuanto a la realización de las pericias practicadas a personas menores de edad en delitos de Agresión Sexual. Es importante conocer el sistema de acreditación de peritos y las críticas más frecuentes que, los operadores del derecho, le formulan a sus pericias. Se rompe la vieja creencia de que los jueces y las partes del proceso penal confían -de manera incuestionable- en las pericias psicológicas y psiquiátricas practicadas a menores ofendidas, información obtenida de una encuesta aplicada a dichos funcionarios. Así mismo mencionar cuales son las metodologías de abordaje de víctimas de abuso sexual que deben ser eliminadas de la práctica forense, así como las pautas que se sugieren -más recomendables- para el abordaje de las personas menores ofendidas.</p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p>As part of the implementation of the adversarial system in Costa Rica’s criminal procedure and the imminent elimination of the Forensic Medical Council, it becomes necessary that forensic psychiatrists and psychologists know what the new challenges are, because they will face to them in trial and questioned in relationship to the skilled procedures that they practice on minors that are victim of sexual aggressions. It is very important to know the accreditation system of an expert witness and what are the most frequent critics that are made by the law operators to their skilled procedures. The old belief is broken that Judges, prosecutors and defenders of the criminal process trust -in an unquestionable way- the skilled psychiatric and psychological procedures that are practiced to the young victims; this information has been obtained by a survey that was practiced to the mentioned public employees. It is also mentioned, are the methodologies to that should be used on victims of sexual aggression, and those that should be eliminated from forensic practices, as well as the guidelines that are suggested, when approaching young victims.</p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd>Agresión Sexual</kwd>
<kwd>Psiquiatría</kwd>
<kwd>Peritajes Psicológicos</kwd>
<kwd>Sistema Adversarial</kwd>
<kwd>Personas Menores Ofendidas</kwd>
<kwd>Credibilidad</kwd>
<kwd>Sistema de Acreditación de Peritos</kwd>
<kwd>Sexual Aggression</kwd>
<kwd>Psychiatry</kwd>
<kwd>Psychological skilled procedures</kwd>
<kwd>Adversarial System</kwd>
<kwd>Offended minor</kwd>
<kwd>Credibility</kwd>
<kwd>System of Accreditation of Expert witness</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id pub-id-type="pid">S1409-001520070002</journal-id>
<journal-title>Medicina Legal de Costa Rica</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title>Med. leg. Costa Rica</abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1409-0015</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Asociación Costarricense de Medicina Forense</publisher-name>
</publisher>
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<article-id>S1409-00152007000200004</article-id>
<title-group>
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<article-title xml:lang="en">The medical-legal history in cases of sexual assault in children. A forensic medical approach</article-title>
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<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
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<aff id="A01">
<institution>,Departamento de Medicina Legal  </institution>
<addr-line> </addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution>,Departamento de Medicina Legal  </institution>
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<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<month>09</month>
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>24</volume>
<fpage>47</fpage>
<lpage>66</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http:/www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1409-00152007000200004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1409-00152007000200004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1409-00152007000200004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p>Se ha considerado al Interrogatorio Médico Forense en casos de Delitos Sexuales en Niños como revictimizante. La Historia Médico Legal en Delitos Sexuales recoge la información necesaria para orientar el Examen Físico y para la recolección de evidencias en la víctima y en su contexto. Existen técnicas médico forenses para interrogar al niño con el afán de evitar la revictimización, entendida esta como el sufrimiento que experimentan las víctimas al promoverse una actualización del evento traumático. La Historia Médico Legal persigue objetivos diferentes al resto de los interrogatorios dentro del proceso judicial y sigue las pautas del Arte y Ciencia de la Medicina y bien implementadas no produce la revictimización del paciente.</p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p>The Forensic Medical interrogation has been considered as revictimizing in cases about Sexual Assaults on Children. The Medical Legal History in Sexual Assaults meets the necessary information to guide the two main procedures: the physical examination and the gathering of evidence on the victim as well as in its context. There are forensic techniques to avoid revictimization on children during interrogation, understanding the revictimization as the suffering the victim experiences, when remembering a traumatic event during the Medical Legal Examination. The medical-legal history pursues goals that are different from those of other interrogation procedures within the judicial process, and when following the guidelines of the art and science of medicine, it well established, do not produce revictimization of the patient.</p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd>Delitos Sexuales en Niños</kwd>
<kwd>Historia Médico Legal en Niños</kwd>
<kwd>Revictimización en Niños</kwd>
<kwd>Técnicas de Interrogatorio en Niños</kwd>
<kwd>Peritación Médico Legal en Niños</kwd>
<kwd>Sexual Assaults in Children</kwd>
<kwd>Medical Legal History in Kids</kwd>
<kwd>Revictimization</kwd>
<kwd>techniques to ask the child</kwd>
<kwd>the Medical Legal Examination</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id pub-id-type="pid">S1409-001520070002</journal-id>
<journal-title>Medicina Legal de Costa Rica</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title>Med. leg. Costa Rica</abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1409-0015</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Asociación Costarricense de Medicina Forense</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1409-00152007000200005</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Aspectos médico legales del suicidio en Costa Rica: Epidemiología del suicidio en Costa Rica, del 2000 al 2004</article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Medical legal aspects of suicide in Costa Rica: Epidemiology of suicide in Costa Rica. Epidemiology of suicide in Costa Rica, from 2000-2004</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Castro Trejos</surname>
<given-names>Jerry Gerardo</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution>,Hospital San Rafael  </institution>
<addr-line> </addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<month>09</month>
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>24</volume>
<fpage>67</fpage>
<lpage>80</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http:/www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1409-00152007000200005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1409-00152007000200005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1409-00152007000200005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p>Trata del análisis de la estadística del Anuario Policial del 2004 (departamento de planificación, sección estadística), con respecto a los casos de suicidio ocurridos en Costa Rica durante los años 2000 al 2004. La prevalencia de casos muestra una media de 251,8 casos por año. El mayor porcentaje de casos que se produjo en la población, lo cometieron individuos de nacionalidad costarricense, con un 88% del total. Predominó el sexo masculino con 1242 casos (86.9%). El femenino con 186 casos (13%). El rango de edad en que se presentó el mayor número de casos se dio entre los 20-24 años con 208 casos (14.5%). La mayor incidencia de casos fue en el 2003 con un total de 329 casos (23%). La modalidad más frecuente de suicidio fue la suspensión con 516 casos (36.1%); seguido de envenenamiento con 483 casos (33.8%); la tercera en importancia fue muerte por proyectil por arma de fuego con 321 casos (22.4%).</p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p>It is about a statistical analysis from the Policial Yearbook 2004, (Planification Department, statistics section), about the suicide cases that happened in Costa Rica during the years 2000 to 2004. The prevalence of cases shows an average of 251,8 cases per year. The highest percentage of cases that happened in the population was committed by Costa Rican, with an 88% of the total. Men had a higher prevalence, with 1.242 cases (86.9%), than women, with 186 cases (13%). The age with the highest percentage was between 20 and 24 years of age, with 208 cases (14,5%). The highest incidence was in 2003 with 329 cases (23%). The most frequent modality of death was hanging with 516 cases (36,1%), followed by poisoning with 483 cases (33,8%), the third in importance was death by firearm projectile with 321 cases 22,4%.</p></abstract>
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<kwd>Suicidio</kwd>
<kwd>edad</kwd>
<kwd>sexo</kwd>
<kwd>tipo</kwd>
<kwd>motivo</kwd>
<kwd>Suicide</kwd>
<kwd>age</kwd>
<kwd>sex</kwd>
<kwd>type</kwd>
<kwd>motive</kwd>
</kwd-group>
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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id pub-id-type="pid">S1409-001520070002</journal-id>
<journal-title>Medicina Legal de Costa Rica</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title>Med. leg. Costa Rica</abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1409-0015</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Asociación Costarricense de Medicina Forense</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1409-00152007000200006</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Inteligencias multiples: un nuevo paradigma</article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Multiple intelligences: a new paradigm</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Madrigal Solano</surname>
<given-names>Myleen</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution>,Hospital Nacional de Niños  </institution>
<addr-line> </addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<month>09</month>
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>24</volume>
<fpage>81</fpage>
<lpage>98</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http:/www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1409-00152007000200006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1409-00152007000200006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1409-00152007000200006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p>A través de la historia los seres humanos se han encargado de descubrir, medir e investigar la Inteligencia humana y las emociones. Es así como se logró llegar a un fin común en donde tanto la inteligencia racional como la emocional son determinantes en nuestro desempeño diario. Por lo que resulta primordial el desarrollo de diferentes estrategias de evaluación y de enseñanza en las instituciones, con el fin de promover al máximo todos los tipos de inteligencia, principalmente la inteligencia emocional. Así como el reconocimiento de todos que todo ser humano, independientemente de su edad puede expresar su inteligencia a través de distintas manifestaciones, no solo a través de calificaciones, escalas o evaluaciones, para poder expresar y lograr sus objetivos individuales y sociales.</p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p>Through history the human beings have been in charge to discover, to measure and to investigate human Intelligence and the emotions. He is as well as he managed himself to arrive at an aim common in where as much rational intelligence as the emotional one is determining in our daily performance. Reason why the development is fundamental from different strategies from evaluation and education in the institutions, with the purpose of promoting to the maximum all the types of intelligence, mainly emotional intelligence. As well as the recognition of all which all human being, independently of its age can express its intelligence through different manifestations, nonsingle through qualifications, scales or evaluations, to be able to express and to obtain its individual and social objectives.</p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd>Autoconocimiento</kwd>
<kwd>capacidad</kwd>
<kwd>cociente intelectual</kwd>
<kwd>educación</kwd>
<kwd>emociones</kwd>
<kwd>empatía</kwd>
<kwd>habilidad</kwd>
<kwd>inteligencia</kwd>
<kwd>paradigma</kwd>
<kwd>Sistema Límbico</kwd>
<kwd>Self-knowledge</kwd>
<kwd>capacity</kwd>
<kwd>intellectual quotient</kwd>
<kwd>education</kwd>
<kwd>emotions</kwd>
<kwd>empathy</kwd>
<kwd>ability</kwd>
<kwd>intelligence</kwd>
<kwd>paradigm</kwd>
<kwd>Limbic System</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
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<journal-id pub-id-type="pid">S1409-001520070002</journal-id>
<journal-title>Medicina Legal de Costa Rica</journal-title>
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<article-id>S1409-00152007000200007</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Validéz de criterio de la escala de impacto de los estresores en mujeres colombianas víctimas de diferentes formas de violencia</article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en">Criterion validity of the impact of event scale in colimbian violence-victimized women</article-title>
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<surname>Campo-Arias</surname>
<given-names>Adalberto</given-names>
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<institution>,Universidad de Santander (UDES)  </institution>
<addr-line> </addr-line>
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<aff id="A02">
<institution>,Universidad del Magdalena  </institution>
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<year>2007</year>
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<fpage>99</fpage>
<lpage>106</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http:/www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1409-00152007000200007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1409-00152007000200007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1409-00152007000200007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p>Antecedentes: La escala de impacto de los estresores (EIE) se diseñó para identificar síntomas de estrés postraumático en la práctica clínica. La escala mostró aceptable consistencia interna en mujeres colombianas víctimas de violencia. No obstante, es necesario determinar la validez de criterio para trastorno de estrés postraumático (TEPT). Objetivo: Establecer la validez de criterio de la EIE para TPET en mujeres víctimas de violencia evaluadas por medicina forense en Bucaramanga, Colombia. Método: Participaron 310 mujeres entre 18 y 65 años (promedio = 31.6 años, DE = 10.7), la escolaridad promedio fue 8.8 años (DE = 4.1), el 59.1% eran empleadas, 58.7% informaron tener una pareja estable, 60.6% residían en estrato socioeconómico bajo, 52.3% informó haber sido víctima de ataque o golpes y 26.8% que la persona agresora fue la pareja. Una enfermera entrenada aplicó la EIE de 15 ítemes (cuatro opciones tipo Likert) y un psiquiatra realizó una entrevista a cada mujer para identificar TPET (DSM-IV). Resultados: Para el mejor punto de corte (46/75) de la EIE, la sensibilidad fue 65.5% (IC95% 56.1-73.9); la especificidad, 65.5% (IC95% 58.6-72.0); el valor predictivo positivo, 53.1% (IC95% 44.6-61.5); el valor predictivo negativo, 76.0% (IC95% 68.7-82.2); la razón de probabilidad positiva, 1.9; la razón de probabilidad negativa, 0.52; la kappa media de Cohen, 0.296 (IC95% 0.190-0.402); y un área bajo la curva receptor operador, 0.697 (IC95% 0.639-0.755). Conclusiones: La EIE presenta una modesta concordancia con el diagnóstico de TEPT. La IES no debe usarse para el diagnóstico de TPET en evaluaciones forenses.</p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p>Background: The Impact of Event Scale (IES) was designed to identify symptoms of post-traumatic stress in clinical settings. The IES showed high internal consistency in Colombian violence-victimized women. Although, it is necessary to determine the criterion validity for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Objective: To establish the criterion validity of IES for PTSD among violence-victimized women at Bucaramanga, Colombia. Method: In the present research participated 310 women between 18 and 65 years (mean = 31.6 years, SD = 10.7); the mean scholarship was 8.8 years (SD = 4.4); 59.1% were half- or full-time employees; 58.7% were married; 60.6% lived in low-class neibourghood; 52.3% reported have been victims of physical assault; and 26.8% informed that the aggressor was sexual partner. A trained nurse applied the 15-item version of IES (four-option Likert pattern answer) and a psychiatrist interviewed each woman to identify cases of DSM-IV-PTSD. Results: For the best cutoff point (46/75) of the EIE, the sensitivity was 65.5% (95%CI 56.1-73.9); specificity, 65.5% (95%CI 58.3-72.0); positive predictive value, 53.1% (95%CI 44.6-61.5); negative predictive value, 76.0% (95%CI 68.7-82.2); positive likelihood ratio, 1.9; negative likelihood ratio, 0.52; Cohen&amp;acute;s kappa, 0.296 (95%CI 0.190-0.402); and area under receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.697 (95%CI 0.639-0.755). Conclusions: The IES presents very modest concordance to PTSD diagnosis, according to DSM-IV criteria. The IES should not be used as a measure of PTSD in forensic settings.</p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd>Trastorno de estrés postraumático</kwd>
<kwd>Psiquiatría forense</kwd>
<kwd>Estudios de validación</kwd>
<kwd>Post-traumatic stress disorder</kwd>
<kwd>Forensic psychiatry</kwd>
<kwd>Validation studies</kwd>
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<self-uri xlink:href="http:/www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1409-00152007000200008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1409-00152007000200008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1409-00152007000200008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p>El diagnóstico de una enfermedad de transmisión sexual en una víctima de abuso sexual debe ser adecuadamente interpretado a la luz de la historia médico legal, los hallazgos físicos, el laboratorio y la investigación sobre otras posibles formas de contagio. El objetivo de esta revisión bibliográfica, es actualizar los conocimientos sobre la Gonorrea, enfermedad que afecta principalmente la mucosa de los genitales masculinos y femeninos, la conjuntiva del ojo, la región anorectal y la faringe. En el niño menor de un año, la forma más frecuente de contagio es a través del canal de parto o por contacto accidental, sin embargo, la evidencia sugiere fuertemente que la gonorrea en niños mayores de un año y preadolescentes, al igual que en el adulto, es transmitida sexualmente. La transmisión vía fomites no ha sido comprobada, a pesar de que se ha aislado el microorganismo en objetos inanimados. Debido a las implicaciones legales del diagnóstico de gonorrea en niños, sólo se debe usar el procedimiento de cultivo estándar para aislar el germen.</p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p>The diagnose of a sexual transmission disease in a sexually abused victim must be adequately interpreted under the knowledge of its medical?-legal history, physical findings, lab results and the research of different ways of contagious. The goal of this bibliographic revisit is to update the knowledge about Gonorrhea, disease that affects mainly male and female genital mucosa, the eyes conjuntive, annal rectal area and the faringe. Under one year-old children means of transmission are usually ? by birth process or accidental contact, but evidence strongly suggest that gonorrea on children older than one year, pre-adolescents and adults, is sexually transmitted. The transmission via fomites (via fomites transmission?) has not been confirmed even though the micro-organism has been isolated in unanimated objects. Due to legal implications of gonorrhea diagnose on children, it should only be used the standard culture procedure in order to isolate the germ.</p></abstract>
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<surname>Campos Aguiar</surname>
<given-names>Javier</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A">
<institution>,  </institution>
<addr-line> </addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<month>09</month>
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>24</volume>
<fpage>123</fpage>
<lpage>135</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http:/www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1409-00152007000200009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1409-00152007000200009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1409-00152007000200009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p>El síndrome de ovario poliquístico es una de las patologías mas relacionadas con la infertilidad femenina en nuestro medio además de todos sus efectos secundarios sobre el estado físico, emocional y social de la paciente, por lo que un diagnóstico temprano y un tratamiento adecuado le permite a la paciente disfrutar de una vida normal. En la actualidad se conoce bien que el tratamiento de primera elección son los anticonceptivos orales combinados, pero también hay que tratar muchos de los efectos adversos de este síndrome por lo que un cambio en el estilo vida y otras terapias adjuntas como el uso de la metformina se utilizan mucho actualmente, dejando realmente como un último recurso pero no menos importante a la cirugía.</p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p>The poliquistic ovaric syndrome are one of the most sigmificants patologys related about female infertility in our enviroment, plus all the adversary efects over the physical emotional and social state of the patient, thats why a early diagnogsis an a achived treatment let the patient development a normal live. In actulity is well know the best tretment are oral anticonseptives, but there is another teraphys for the treatment of the adversary efects of this syndrome like life style change and methformin, that is most usual today, howhever always are the option of cirugy how a last resort but not less important.</p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd>Síndrome de ovarios poliquísticos</kwd>
<kwd>Ultrasonografía</kwd>
<kwd>anticonceptivos orales combinados</kwd>
<kwd>Metformina</kwd>
<kwd>Poliquistic ovaric syndrome</kwd>
<kwd>ultrasonografic</kwd>
<kwd>oral anticonseptive</kwd>
<kwd>methformin</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id pub-id-type="pid">S1409-001520070002</journal-id>
<journal-title>Medicina Legal de Costa Rica</journal-title>
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<issn>1409-0015</issn>
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<publisher-name>Asociación Costarricense de Medicina Forense</publisher-name>
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<pub-date pub-type="epub">
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