S1409-009020040001 Acta Pediátrica Costarricense Acta pediátr. costarric 1409-0090 Asociación Costarricense de Pediatría S1409-00902004000100001 Manejo del dolor en el paciente oncológico Rodríguez Carlos Barrantes José Carlos Jiménez Gabriela Putvinski Vladimir ,Hospital Nacioanal de Niños ,Hospital Nacioanal de Niños ,Hospital Nacioanal de Niños ,Hospital Nacioanal de Niños 2004 2004 18 06 13 Himelstein BP Hilden JM Boldt AM Weissman D Pediatic palliative care N Engl J Med 2004 350 Hilden JM Emanuel EJ Fairclough DL Link MP Foley KM Clarridge BC Schnipper LE Mayer RJ Attitudes and practices among pediatric oncologists regarding end-of-life care: results of the 1998 American Society of Clinical Oncology survey J Clin Oncology 2001 19 1 Collins J. Palliative care and the child with cancer Hematol Oncol Clin N Am 2002 16 Howard R. Current status of pain management in children JAMA 2003 290 18 Pain relief and palliative care in children with cancer Pain relief and palliative care in children with cancer 1998 Geneva: WHO Turk DC Monarch ES Williams AD Cancer patients in pain: considerations for assessing the whole persono Hematol Oncol Clin Am 2002 16 Gonzalez GR Elliot KJ Portenoy RK The impact of a comprehensive evaluation in the management of cancer pain Pain 1991 47 Walco GA Cassidy RC Schechter NL Pain, hurt and harm - the ethics of pain control in infants and children N Engl J Med 1994 331 Wolfe J Grier HE Klar N Levin SB Symptoms and suffering at the end of life in children with cancer N Engl J Med 2000 242 Collins JJ Devine TD Dick GS The measurement of symptoms in young children with cancer: the validation of the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale in children aged 7-12 J Pain Symptom Manage 2002 23 1 Salas M Gabaldón O Mayoral JI Amayra I Evaluación de la ansiedad y el dolor asociados a procedimientos médicos dolorosos en oncología pediátrica An Esp Pediatr 2002 57 1 Huskisson EC Measurement of pain Lancet 1974 2 McGrath PA Seifert CE Speechley KN Booth JC Sitt L Gibson MC A new analogue scale for assessing children's pain Pain 1996 64 Chambers CT Craig KD An intrusive impact of anchors in children's faces pain scales Pain 1998 78 Sweet SD McGrath PJ Finley GA McGrath PJ Physiologicals measures of pain Physiologicals measures of pain 1998 10 Seattle IASP Press Wolfe J Friebert S Hilden J Caring for children with advanced cancer: Integrating palliative care Ped Clin N Amer 2002 49 5 Hutton N. Pediatric palliative care: The time has come Arch Pediatr Adoles Med 2002 156 Rusy LM Weisman SJ Complementary therapies for acute pediatric pain management Pediatric Clinics of North America 2000 J un 47 3 Zeltzer L.K. Bush J.P Riveral A A psychobiologic approach to pediatric pain: part I. History, physiology and assessment strategies Current problems in Pediatrics July 1 99 27 6 Zeltzer L.K. Bush J.P Riveral A A psychobiologic approach to pediatric pain: Part II. Prevention and treatment Current problems in Pediatrics Augu st , 27 7 McCarthy AM Cool VA Hanrahan K Cognitive behavioral interventions for children during painful procedures: research challenges and program development J Ped Nursing 1998 131 Chen E Joseph MH Zeltzer LK Behavioral and cognitive interventions in the treatment of pain in children Pediatr Clin North Am 2000 J un 47 Lander J. Fowler-Kerry S TENS tor children's procedural pain Pain 1991 52 Hunt A. Population pharmacokinetics of oral morphine and its glucuronides in children receiving morphine as immediate release liquid or sustained-release tablets for cancer pain J Ped 1999 Ripamonti C. The use of methadone for cancer pain Hematol Oncol Clin N Am 2002 16 3 Galloway K. Acute pain in children Pediatr Clin North Am 2000 47 3
S1409-009020040001 Acta Pediátrica Costarricense Acta pediátr. costarric 1409-0090 Asociación Costarricense de Pediatría S1409-00902004000100002 Cierre quirúrgico de la comunicación interauricular tipo ostium secundum en el Hospital Nacional de Niños: resultados con énfasis en las complicaciones Munguía Mónica Castro José Ignacio Valverde Carlos Gustavo Castro Abdón Gutiérrez Rafael ,Hospital Nacional de Niños ,Hospital Nacional de Niños ,Universidad de Iberoamérica ,Hospital Nacional de Niños ,Hospital Nacional de Niños 2004 2004 18 14 17 Berger F Vogel M Alexi-Meskishvili V Comparison of results and complications of surgical and Amplatzer device closure of atrial septal defects J Thor Cardiovasc Surg 1999 118 Cowley C Lloyd TR Bove E Comparison of results of closure of secundum atrial septal defect by surgery versus Amplatzer septal occluder Am J Cardiol 2001 88 Meijboom R Hess J Szatmari A Longterm follow-up (9 to 20 years) after surgical closure of atrial septal defect at a young age Am J Cardiol 1993 72 Pastorek J Allen H Oavis J Current outcomes of surgical closure of secundum atrial septal defect Am J Cardiol 1994 74 Rickers C Hamm C Stern H Percutaneous closure of secundum atrial septal defect with a new self centering device ("Angel Wings") Heart 199880 Murghy JG Gersh BJ McGoon MD Long-term outcome after surgical repair of isolated atrial septal defect N Engl J Med 1990 323 Thomson JDR Aburawi EH Watterson KG Surgical and transcatheter (Amplatzer) closure of atrial septal defects: a prospective comparison of results and cost Heart 2002 87 Baskett RF Tancock JE Ross DB The gold standard for atrial septal defect closure: current surgical results, with an emphasis on morbidity Pediatr Cardiol 2003 24 Porter CJ Feldt R Edwards W Emmanouilides GC Allen HO Riemenschneider TA Gutgesell HP Atrial Septal Defects Atrial Septal Defects 1995 Baltimore^eMaryland Williams & Wilkins Park MK The Pediatric Cardiology Handbook The Pediatric Cardiology Handbook 1997 San Antonio^eTexas Mosby Brassard M Fouron JC Van Doesburg NH Outcome of children with atrial septal defect considered too small for surgical closure Am J Cardiol 1999 83 Helgason H Jonsdottir G Spontaneous closure of atrial septal defects Pediatr Cardiol 1999 20 Formigari R Di Donato RM Mazzera E Minimally invasive or interventional repair of atrial septal defects in children: experience in 171 cases and comparison with conventional strategies J Am ColI Cardiol 2001 37 Du ZD Hijazi Z Kleiman ChS Comparison between transcatheter and surgical closure of secundum atrial septal defect in children and adults J Am ColI Cardiol 2002 39
S1409-009020040001 Acta Pediátrica Costarricense Acta pediátr. costarric 1409-0090 Asociación Costarricense de Pediatría S1409-00902004000100003 Hepatoblastoma y Sarcoma embrionario: revisión y reporte de dos casos Romero Cubero David A Corrales Luis Zúñiga Pedro Rodríguez Carlos ,Hospital Nacional de Niños ,Hospital Nacional de Niños ,Hospital Nacional de Niños ,Hospital Nacional de Niños 2004 2004 18 18 23 Gurarangan S O'Meara A MacMahon C Guiney EF O'Donnell B Fitzgerald RJ Breatnach F Primary hepatic tumors in children: a 26 year review J Surg Oncol 1992 50 Weinberg AG Finegold MJ Primary hepatic tumors of childhood Hum Pathol 1983 14 Herzog CE Andrassy RJ Eftekhari F Childhood cancers: hepatoblastoma Oncologist 2000 5 Newman KO Hepatic tumors in children Semin Pediatr Surg 1997 6 Reynolds M. 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S1409-009020040001 Acta Pediátrica Costarricense Acta pediátr. costarric 1409-0090 Asociación Costarricense de Pediatría S1409-00902004000100004 Mortalidad Infantil en el Area de Salud de Pavas durante el Periodo 2000 - 2003 Pacheco Gutiérrez Hannia Vargas Mora Enrique ,Universidad Autónoma de Centroamérica ,Universidad Internacional de las Américas 2004 2004 18 24 27 Comisión Nacional para el Análisis de la Mortalidad Infantil. Informe de mortalidad Infantil Comisión Nacional para el Análisis de la Mortalidad Infantil. Informe de mortalidad Infantil 1998 Ministerio de Salud de Costa Rica Dirección Técnica de Servicios de Salud Dirección Técnica de Servicios de Salud 2000 CCSS Dirección de Sistemas de Información Dirección de Sistemas de Información 1996 - 2 Centro de Información Arias G Torres M Pérez N Millán M Factores Prenatales Relacionados con la Prematuridad Revista Cubana Pediátrica 2001 73 Assessment of risk factors for preterm birth Assessment of risk factors for preterm birth Octo be r Radish M. Early discharge of premature infants: A critical analysis Clin Perinatol 1998 J un 25
S1409-009020040001 Acta Pediátrica Costarricense Acta pediátr. costarric 1409-0090 Asociación Costarricense de Pediatría S1409-00902004000100005 Principales motivos de consulta en niños de 0 a 6 años del área de Rincón de Salas y Puente de Piedra de Grecia en el año del 2003 Boza Gabriela Yock Adriana E Soto Manuel ,Caja Costarricense del Seguro Social ,Caja Costarricense del Seguro Social ,Hospital Nacional de Niños 2004 2004 18 28 32

Objective Between January and December 1993, at the EBAIS ( Basic Team in Primary Care) of Puente de Piedra and Rincón de Salas at Grecia, upper respiratory tract viral infection was the most common cause of visits to the doctor. This infections are basiclly caused by virus and children may recuperate without needing health services. Parents have misconceptions about the causes, risk factors and treatments of colds, increasing the number of unnecessary visits to health services. The objective of this study is to determine the most important reasons of visits to the EBAIS in children of 0-6 years old and know parents conceptions about colds. Methods In this descriptive study the concepts that parents have about colds are evaluated. Also, factors that could increase the incidence of this infections are analized and the main cause of visits to the health service. The EBAIS of Puente de Piedra and Rincón de Salas covers approximately 391 children between 0 - 6 years old. We took an alleatory group of 40% approximately of this group meaning 170 kids. Their families answered a survey which results were lately analized with the informatic program epi-info6. Results From the 170 patients in the study, 93 were boys and 77 were girls. Their ages were around one month and six years. Most of the kids were costaricans and only 8.2% were from Nicaragua. The total number of visits to the EBAIS were 461. Colds were the main reason with 186 visits, then streptococcal faringitis is in second place with 88 visits and asma with 61 is in third place. Parents confirmed that the main causes of colds are: climate (109), virus (91) and bacterias (25). 78% considered always or sometimes necessary the use of antibiotics for the treatment of colds. Also, 50% confirmed colds should be treated with antibiotics. Conclusions We concluded that the most important reasons of visit were colds, faringitis, and asthma. The study also revealed that parents knows about the causes of colds but they have misconceptions about its treatment. This make us think about the necessary education of the population about clinical differences between an infection caused by bacteria or by virus which may let parents decide when to take their kids to the doctor or not. There will also be more comprehension by the patients when antibiotics are not prescribed for a viral infection.

 Protocolos de la Asociación Española de Pediatría Protocolos de la Asociación Española de Pediatría Behrman Nelson tratado de pediatría Nelson tratado de pediatría 2001 16va McGraw-Hill Internacional Mlee Grace Conceptions about colds and predictors of health service utilization Pedíatrícs febr er o 111 2 Global Initiave for Asthma Global Initiave for Asthma 2002 GINA Soto-Quirós Manuel Soto Martínez Manuel Hanson Lars Epidemiological Studies of the very high prevalence of asthma and related symptoms among school children in Costa Rica from 1989 to 1998 Pediatric Allergy Immunology 2002 13 Sharma V Factors influencing infant visits to emergency departments Pediatrics 2000 106 Ritter PL Stewart AL Kaymaz H Self-reported and medical record health care utilization measures Clinical Epídemíology 2001 54 a Doodimin Kathleen Non urgent pediatric emergency department: care seeking behavior and parental knowledge of insurance Pediatric Emergency Careo febr er o 19 1 Mangione -Smith R. The relationship between perceived parental expectations and pediatrician antimicrobial prescribing behavior Pediatrics 1999 103 Palmer DA Bauchner H Parents and physicians views on antibiotics Pedíatrícs 1997 99 6 Base de datos de la computadora del Ebais de Rincón de Salas y Puente de Piedra de Grecia Base de datos de la computadora del Ebais de Rincón de Salas y Puente de Piedra de Grecia
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