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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id pub-id-type="pid">S1409-414220020001</journal-id>
<journal-title>Revista Costarricense de Cardiología</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title>Rev. costarric. cardiol</abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1409-4142</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Asociación Costarricense de Cardiología</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1409-41422002000100001</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Speranza S</surname>
<given-names>Mario</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A">
<institution>,  </institution>
<addr-line> </addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<month>04</month>
<year>2002</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<year>2002</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>4</volume>
<fpage>3</fpage>
<lpage>3</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http:/www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1409-41422002000100001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1409-41422002000100001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1409-41422002000100001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri></article-meta>
</front>
</article>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id pub-id-type="pid">S1409-414220020001</journal-id>
<journal-title>Revista Costarricense de Cardiología</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title>Rev. costarric. cardiol</abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1409-4142</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Asociación Costarricense de Cardiología</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1409-41422002000100002</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Y tú... ¿recetaste estatinas hoy?...</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Pichel</surname>
<given-names>Daniel R.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Motta</surname>
<given-names>Jorge A.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Rodríguez</surname>
<given-names>Antonio J.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution>,Cardiólogos Asociados de Panamá  </institution>
<addr-line>Paitilla </addr-line>
<country>Panamá</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<month>04</month>
<year>2002</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<year>2002</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>4</volume>
<fpage>4</fpage>
<lpage>6</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http:/www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1409-41422002000100002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1409-41422002000100002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1409-41422002000100002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri></article-meta>
</front>
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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id pub-id-type="pid">S1409-414220020001</journal-id>
<journal-title>Revista Costarricense de Cardiología</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title>Rev. costarric. cardiol</abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1409-4142</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Asociación Costarricense de Cardiología</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1409-41422002000100003</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Tumores intracardíacos: aspectos generales y experiencia quirúrgica en el Hospital México</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Induni</surname>
<given-names>Eduardo</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Pucc</surname>
<given-names>Juan</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Soto</surname>
<given-names>Longino</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution>,Hospital México Servicio de Cirugía Torácica y Cardiovascular </institution>
<addr-line>San José </addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<month>04</month>
<year>2002</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<year>2002</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>4</volume>
<fpage>7</fpage>
<lpage>11</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http:/www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1409-41422002000100003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1409-41422002000100003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1409-41422002000100003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p>Objetivos Determinar la frecuencia de cirugías por tumores intracardíacos, asi como caracterizar los tipos histológicos, síntomas y evolución post cirugía. Material y Métodos De un total de 5.000 cirugías con circulación extracorpórea en el Hospital México, en el período de tiempo comprendido entre el 1 de enero de 1979 y el 1 de enero del 2001, se estudiaron retrospectivamente los datos relacionados con pacientes operados por tumores intracardíacos. En todos los casos se utilizó circulación extracorpórea con hipotermia moderada, cardioplejia cristaloide, realizándose cardiotomía y excisión amplia del tumor y de su base con reparación del defecto con PTFE ( Gore tex ® ), cuando fue necesario. Resultados Un total de 20 resecciones tumorales fueron relizadas en 19 pacientes. Doce pacientes fueron hombres (63%) y 7 mujeres (37%). El promedio de edad fue de 42.1 años siendo el menor de 16 años y el mayor de 85 años. Histológicamente 17 de ellos correspondieron a mixomas del atrio izquierdo (89%), uno presentó un quiste broncogénico del ventrículo derecho (5.5%) y uno presentó un rabdomiosarcoma del septum interatrial que requirió excisión amplia del septum y reparación con parche (5.5%). Como procedimiento asociado además, se realizó una plastía de la válvula tricúspide y un by pass venoso a la arteria descendente anterior. La duración promedio de los síntomas fue de 2.8 meses, presentando datos de ICC en el 100% de los casos, dolor torácico en 16.5%, AVC embólico en el 11% y hemoptisis en el 5.5%. Todos los pacientes tuvieron diagnóstico ecocardiográfico preoperatorio. En la evolución post-operatoria se presentaron un AVC embólico (5,5%) y un fallo multisistémico por sepsis en diabético que representa la mortalidad de los casos estudiados (5.5%) y una estancia promedio post-quirúrgica de 6.2 días. Un paciente presentó una recidiva tumoral de mixoma a los 6 años post-cirugía la cual fue reoperada. Se obtuvo un ecocardiograma libre de recidivas, el mayor lapso con 17 años y el menor con 0.5 años. El paciente del sarcoma falleció 6 meses después a consecuencia de metástasis hematógenas. Conclusiones: Los tumores primarios de corazón son muy infrecuentes (0.4% de las cirugías realizadas) dando síntomas de obstrucción y fenómenos embólicos. A pesar del complejo manejo que requiere el paciente para la cirugía, ésta se realiza con un bajo índice de complicaciones.</p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p>Background: Our goal was to determine the frecuency of intracardiac tumors including its hystopatological type, symptoms and postoperative outcome. Methods: From 5000 cardiac operations with extracorporeal circulation performed in our hospital, from January 1979 to january 2001, we found 19 patients with cardiac tumors in which 20 resections of the lesion were done. 12 were males (63%) and 7 females (37%). The mean age was 42 years ( range from 16 to 85 years ). Seventeen of the lesions were left atrial myxomas (89%), one a bronchogenic cyst , and one was a rabdomyosarcoma of the interatrial septum that required extensive resection and patch repairement. The mean time duration of the symptoms was 2,8 months and dyspnea was present in all cases, thoracic pain in 16.5% and Cerebrovascular accident in 5,5%. One diabetic patient died postoperatively due to sepsis and multisystemic failure, the 18 remaining patients had an uneventfull outcome. All cases had preoperative ecocardiographic diagnosis and all had postoperative ecocardiographic control ( from 6 months to 17 years later ). Only one patient had a recurrence of a myxoma 6 years later and was reoperated. The case with the sarcoma died 6 months later with multiple metastasis. Conclusions: Primary tumors of the heart are very infrecuent (0.4% of all cardiac surgeries performed in our hospital ). Their symptoms are basically dyspnea or systemic embolism. They can be surgically treated with very good results in most of the cases.</p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd>Tumores cardíacos</kwd>
<kwd>Mixomas</kwd>
<kwd>Cirugía Cardiovascular</kwd>
<kwd>cardiac tumors</kwd>
<kwd>myxomas</kwd>
<kwd>cardiovascular surgery</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
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<copyright-statement/>
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<self-uri xlink:href="http:/www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1409-41422002000100007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1409-41422002000100007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1409-41422002000100007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p>El presente trabajo corresponde una revisión bibliográfica de los estudios clínicos realizados en síndromes anginosos refractarios al tratamiento convencional, utilizando como tratamiento el bloqueo de ganglio estrellado. Se realizó una búsqueda de literatura publicada entre los años 1.900 al 2.000 en las bases de datos MDConsult, Medline y ProQuest. A su vez se revisaron las publicaciones en la Biblioteca del Hospital Rafael Ángel Calderón Guardia y en la Biblioteca del BINASSS (Biblioteca Nacional de Salud del Seguro Social). De acuerdo a los estudios analizados el bloqueo de ganglio estrellado se describe como posibilidad terapéutica para el control de dolor de la angina de pecho refractaria . La descripción clásica de la inervación cardíaca consiste en tres nervios simpáticos mayores originados de los ganglios cervicales superior, medio e inferior. Esta inervación simpática en conjunto con diversos nervios parasimpáticos, se describen como el plexo cardíaco. En contraste Jane et. al. (1986) en un estudio anatómico de 23 cadáveres describe que la inervación cardiopulmonar en el hombre se origina en el ganglio estrellado y las mitades caudales de las cadenas simpáticas cervicales junto con nervios que se originan del nervio recurrente laríngeo o del vago. De estas estructuras derivan los dos plexos cardiopulmonares. De estos plexos derivan tres nervios cardíacos mayores que se proyectan hacia el corazón. Se estima que determinado porcentaje de los pacientes diagnosticados con angina inestable progresará a desarrollar una angina refractaria al tratamiento. El bloqueo de ganglio estrellado podría ser un nuevo método terapéutico para controlar el dolor de dicha condición. Sin embargo se necesitan estudios clínicos randomizados a doble ciego para obtener resultados concluyentes.</p></abstract>
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