S1409-414220050003 Revista Costarricense de Cardiología Rev. costarric. cardiol 1409-4142 Asociación Costarricense de Cardiología S1409-41422005000300001 Gutiérrez Sotelo Oswaldo ,Revista Costarricense de Cardiología 07 2005 2005 7 3 3
S1409-414220050003 Revista Costarricense de Cardiología Rev. costarric. cardiol 1409-4142 Asociación Costarricense de Cardiología S1409-41422005000300002 Presentación del nuevo Editor en jefe de la Revista Costarricense de Cardiología Speranza Mario O ,Hospital Clínica Bíblica San José Costa Rica 07 2005 2005 7 4 4
S1409-414220050003 Revista Costarricense de Cardiología Rev. costarric. cardiol 1409-4142 Asociación Costarricense de Cardiología S1409-41422005000300003 III Congreso Nacional de Cardiología Y Premio Nacional de Investigación Cardiológica 5, 6 y 7 de Octubre del 2005, Hotel Real Intercontinental, San Jose, Costa Rica , 07 2005 2005 7 05 05
S1409-414220050003 Revista Costarricense de Cardiología Rev. costarric. cardiol 1409-4142 Asociación Costarricense de Cardiología S1409-41422005000300004 Cierre percutáneo del conducto arterioso persistente con el dispositivo desprendible de Cook: Experiencia de 7 años en el Hospital Nacional de Niños Castro-Sancho JI Alfaro-Ramírez A Castro-Bermúdez A Gutiérrez-Álvarez RA Yong-Piñar B Faerron-Angel J Mas-Romero C ,C.C.S.S. San José Costa Rica 07 2005 2005 7 07 07
S1409-414220050003 Revista Costarricense de Cardiología Rev. costarric. cardiol 1409-4142 Asociación Costarricense de Cardiología S1409-41422005000300005 "Evaluación de la calidad de la atención en Hipertensión Arterial (HTA) en Costa Rica" Tortós Guzmán Jaime E Carballo Quesada Lidieth Alvarado Rosales María de los Angeles Angulo Castro José Miguel Oconitrillo Gamboa María del Carmen Segura Cárdenas Olga Zúñiga Méndez Nelly ,C.C.S.S. San José Costa Rica 07 2005 2005 7 08 08
S1409-414220050003 Revista Costarricense de Cardiología Rev. costarric. cardiol 1409-4142 Asociación Costarricense de Cardiología S1409-41422005000300006 Seguridad y Eficacia del Stent Coronario Driver ® en el Manejo del Síndrome Coronario Agudo en el Servicio de Hemodinamía - Hospital México Diaz Picado Geiner ,C.C.S.S San José Costa Rica 07 2005 2005 7 9 9
S1409-414220050003 Revista Costarricense de Cardiología Rev. costarric. cardiol 1409-4142 Asociación Costarricense de Cardiología S1409-41422005000300007 Enfermedad de Chagas en pacientes con Miocardiopatía Dilatada Idiopática en Costa Rica Gutiérrez Sotelo Oswaldo Romero Triana Luis Esquivel Alfaro Lidieth Vásquez Torres Gerardo Bogantes Pereira Erick Molina Solís Silvia Calvo Fonseca Nidia ,Escuela de Medicina ,Universidad de Costa Rica ,Instituto Costarricense de Investigación y Enseñanza en Nutrición y Salud 07 2005 2005 7 10 10
S1409-414220050003 Revista Costarricense de Cardiología Rev. costarric. cardiol 1409-4142 Asociación Costarricense de Cardiología S1409-41422005000300008 Cardioprotección mediada por canales de potasio dependientes de ATP Zeledón S Fernando Morales M Orlando Méndez J Edgar Induni L Eduardo Gutiérrez S Oswaldo ,Universidad de Ciencias Médicas (UCIMED) Sabana Oeste San José Costa Rica ,Universidad de Ciencias Médicas (UCIMED) San José Costa Rica ,Universidad de Costa Rica San José Costa Rica ,Universidad de Costa Rica San José Costa Rica 07 2005 2005 7 11 18

La mitocondria juega un rol central en el mantenimiento del metabolismo del cardiomicito durante los fenómenos de isquemia y reperfusión. Esta "cardioprotección" parece estar ligada a la apertura de canales de potasio dependientes de ATP en la membrana mitocondrial, la que evita la apertura del poro transicional de permeabilidad (MPTP), la sobrecarga de calcio y la pérdida del volumen del espacio intermembrana mitocondrial, previniendo la muerte celular por necrosis o apoptosis. Diversos estudios clínicos sustentan el uso prometedor de fármacos que abren estos canales de potasio y que podrían ser una nueva arma terapéutica contra la enfermedad isquémica y sus consecuencias.

Mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels play an important role preventing necrotic cell death and apoptsis during ischaemia/reperfusion fenomena by mean of preventing mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening, intracellular calcium overload and loss of mitochondrial intermembrane space. There is clinical evidence of beneficial effects of a group of drugs called potassium channel openers that colud be a new therapeutic tool against cardiac ischaemic disease and its consequences.

 Preacondicionamiento isquémico canales de potasio mitocondriales y sarcolémicos sobrecarga de calcio estrés oxidativo apoptosis poro transicional de permeabilidad mitocondrial Ischemic preconditioning sarcolemic and mitochondrial potasium channels calcium overload oxidative stress apoptosis mitochondrial permeability transitional pore Ardehali H Rourke O Mitochondrial KATP channels in cell survival and death J Mol Cell Cardiol 2005 39 Kloner RA Bolli R Marban E Reinilib L Braunwald E Medical and cellular implications of stunning, hibernation and preconditioning: an NHLBI workshop Circulation 1998 97 Murray CE Jennings RB Reiner KA Preconditioning with ischemia: a delay of lethal cell injury in ischemic myocardium Circulation 1986 74: 11 Cogan MG Líquidos y electrolitos: Fisiología y Fisiopatología Líquidos y electrolitos: Fisiología y Fisiopatología 1993 Manual Moderno Sansom MSP Shrivastava IH Potassium channels: structures, models, simulations Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 2002 1565 Biggin PC Roosild T Choe S Potassium channel structure: domain by domain Current Opinion Structural Biology 2000 10 Giblin JP Leaney JL Tinker A The molecular assembly of ATP-sensitive potassium channels: determinants on the pore forming subunit J Biol Chem 1999 274 Choe S Potassium channel structures Nat Rev Neuroscience 2002 3 Loussouarn G Rose T Nichols CG Structural Basis of Inward Rectifying Potassium Channel Gating Trends Cardiovasc Med 2002 12 Nishida M Mackinnon R Structural Basis of Inward Rectification: Cytoplasmic Pore of the G Protein-Gated Inward Rectifier GIRK1 at 1,8 A Resolution Cell 2002 111 Yamada M Inanobe A Kurachi Y G Protein Regulation of Potassium Ion Channels Pharmacological Reviews 1998 50 Bichet D Haass F Yeh Jan L Merging Functional Studies with Structures of Inward Rectifier K+ Channels Nature Reviews 2003 4 Aguilar-Bryan L Clement IV J González G Kunjilwar K Babenko A Bryan J Toward Understanding the Assembly and Structure of KATP Channels Physiological Reviews 1998 78 Elizari M Chiale P Arritmias Cardíacas: Fundamentos celulares y moleculares, diagnóstico y tratamiento Arritmias Cardíacas: Fundamentos celulares y moleculares, diagnóstico y tratamiento 2003 ^eBuenos Aires Panamericana Campbell JD Sanson MSP Ashcroft F Potassium Channel Regulation Nature Reviews 2003 11 Méndez JE Zeledón SF Zamora JF Cortés VA Un Acercamiento a la Cinética del Oxígeno Parte 1 Rev Costarr Caridiol 2004 6 Suleiman M Halestrap AP Griffiths E.J Mitochondria: a target for myocardial protection Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2001 89 Halestrap AP Clarke J Sabzali A Javadov A Mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening during myocardial reperfusion: a target for cardioprotection Cardiovasc Res 2004 61 Brookes P Yoon Y Robotham J Calcium, ATP, and ROS: a mitochondrial love-hate triangle Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2004 287 Hunter DR Haworth RA The Ca++ induced membrane transition in mitocondria I. The protective mechanisms Arch Biochem Biophys 1979 195 Hunter DR Haworth RA The Ca++ induced membrane transition in mitochondria II. Nature of the Ca++ trigger site Arch Biochem Biophys 1979 195 Hunter DR Haworth RA The Ca++ induced membrane transition in mitocondria III. Transitional Ca++ relase Arch Biochem Biophys 1979 195 Garlid KD Dos Santos P Xie ZJ Costa A Paucek P Mitochondrial potassium transport: the role of the mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K+ channel in cardiac function and cardioprotection Biochem Biophys Acta 2003 1606 MacFallas E Liem D Mitochondrial Function: The Heart of Myocardial Preservation J Lab Clin Med 2003 142 Facundo H Fornazari M Kowaltowski A Tissue protection mediated by mitochondrial K+ channels Biochem Biophys Acta 2005 1701 Halestrap AP Brown GC Nicholls DG Cooper CE The Mitochondrial Permeability Transition: its molecular mechanism and role in reperfusion injury Mitochondria and cell death. Biochemical Society Symposia Mitochondria and cell death. Biochemical Society Symposia 1999 66 London Portland Press Halestrap AP McStay GP Clarke SJ The permeability transition pore complex: another view Biochimie 2002 84 Halestrap AP Kerr PM Javadov S Woodfield KY Elucidating the molecular mechanism of the permeability transition pore and its role in reperfusion injury of the heart Biochim Biophys Acta 1998 1366 Halestrap AP Brenner C The Adenine Nucleotide Translocase: a central component of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore and key player in cell death Curr Med Chem 2003 10 Duchen MR McGuinness O Brown LA Crompton M On the involvement of a Cyclosporin-A sensitive mitochondrial pore in myocardial reperfusion injury Cardiovasc Res 1993 27 Lemasters JJ Nieminen AL Qian T Trost LC Herman B The mitochondrial permeability transition in toxic, hypoxic and reperfusion injury Mol Cell Biochem 1997 174 Lemasters JJ Trollinger DR Qian T Cascio WE Ohata H Confocal imaging of Ca2 +, pH, electrical potential, and membrane permeability in single living cells Methods Enzymol 1999 302 Xu MF Wang YG Hirai K Ayub A Ashraf A Calcium preconditioning inhibits mitochondrial permeability transition and apoptosis Am J Physiol 2001 280 Miyata H Lakatta EG Stern MD Silverman HS Relation of mitochondrial and cytosolic free calcium to cardiac myocyte recovery after exposure to anoxia Circ Res 1992 71 Griffiths EJ Ocampo CJ Savage JS Mitochondrial calcium transporting pathways during hypoxia and reoxygenation in single rat cardiomyocites Cardiovasc Res 1998 39 Lim KHH Modi P Nicholson E A pig model of warm-blood cardioplegic arrest to investigate the cardioprotective effects of propofol J Physiol 2001 Headrick JP McKirdy JC Willis RJ Functional and metabolic effects of extracellular magnesium in normoxic and ischemic myocardium Am J Physiol 1998 275 Mallet RT Pyruvate: metabolic protector of cardiac performance Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 2000 223 Oldenburg O Cohen M Mitochondrial KATP Channels: role in cardioprotection Cardiovasc Res 2002 55 Minners J McLeod C Sack N Mitochondrial plasticity in classical ischemic preconditioning moving beyond the mitochondrial KATP channel Cardiovas Res 2003 59 Kane G Liu X Yamada S Olson T Terzic A Cardiac KATP channels in health and disease J Mol Cell Cardiol 2005 38 Wang Y Haider H Ahmad N Aschraf M Mechanisms by wich KATP channel openers produce acute and delayed cardioprotection Vascular Pharmacology 2005 42 Vanden Hoeck T Becker L.B Shao Z Schumacker P Reactive oxygen species released from mitochondria during brief hypoxia induce preconditioning in cardiomyocytes J Biol. Chem 1998 273 Jahangir A Terzic A KATP channel therapeutics at the bedside J Mol Cell Cardiol 2005 39 Kane GC Behfar A Yamada S Perez-Terzic C O’Cochlain F Donor heart preservation with a novel hyperpolarizing solution: superior protection compared with University of Wisconsin solution J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2000 120 Quast U Guillon JM Cavero I Cellular pharmacology of potassium channel openers in vascular smooth muscle Cardiovasc Res 1994 28 Okada Y Yanagisawa T Taira N BRL 38227 (levcromakalim)-induced hyperpolarization reduces the sensitivity to Ca2+ of contractile elements in canine coronary artery Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 1993 347 Donnelly R Elliott HL Meredith PA Reid JL Clinical studies with the potassium channel activator cromakalim in normotensive and hypertensive subjects J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1990 16 Simpson D Wellington K Nicorandil: a review of its use in the management of stable angina pectoris, including high-risk patients Drugs 2004 64 McCully JD Levitsky S Mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels in surgical cardioprotection Arch Biochem Biophys 2003 420 Kevelaitis E Oubenaissa A Peynet J Mouas C Menasche P Preconditioning by mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel openers - An effective approach for improving the preservation of heart transplants Circulation 1999 100 Steensrud T Nordhaug D Husnes KV Aghajani E Sorlie DG Replacing potassium with nicorandil in cold St. Thomas’ Hospital cardioplegia improves preservation of energetics and function in pig hearts Ann Thorac Surg 2004 77 Hayashi Y Sawa Y Ohtake S Nishimura M Ichikawa H Matsuda H Controlled nicorandil administration formyocardial protection during coronary artery bypass grafting under cardiopulmonary bypass J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2001 38 Garlid PD Pauced P Cardioprotective effect of diazoxide and its interaction with mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K + channels: possible mechanism or cardioprotection Circ Res 1997 81 Xic Z Ouabain interaction with cardiac Na/K- ATPasa reveals that the enzyme can act as a pump and as a signal transducer Cell Mol Biol 2001 47 Jovanovic A López J Alekseev A Adenosine prevents K1-Induced Ca21 loading: Insight Into cardioprotection during cardioplegia Ann Thorac Surg 1998 65 Simpson D Wellington K Nicorandil: a review of its use in the management of stable angina pectoris, including high-risk patients Drugs 2004 64 Markham A Plosker GL Goa KL Nicorandil-an updated review of its use in ischaemic heart disease with emphasis on its cardioprotective effects Drugs 2000 60 Trial to show the impact of nicorandil in angina (IONA): design, methodology, and management Heart 2001 85 Ito H Taniyama Y Iwakura K Nishikawa N Masuyama T Intravenous nicorandil can preserve microvascular integrity and myocardial viability in patients with reperfused anterior wall myocardial infarction J Am Coll Cardiol 1999 33 Schlepper M Thormann J Berwing K Strasser R Mitrovic V Effects of nicorandil on regional perfusion and left ventricular function Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 1995 9 Sakata Y Kodama K Komamura K Lim YJ Ishikura F Salutary effect of adjunctive intracoronary nicorandil administration on restoration of myocardial blood flow and functional improvement in patients with acute myocardial infarction Am Heart J 1997 133 Simpson D Wellington K Nicorandil: a review of its use in the management of stable angina pectoris, including high-risk patients Drugs 2004 64 Kaski JC Management of vasospastic angina-role of nicorandil Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 1995 9 Chen JW Lee WL Hsu NW Lin SJ Ting CT Wang SP Effects of short-term treatment of nicorandil on exercise-induced myocardial ischemia and abnormal cardiac autonomic activity in microvascular angina Am J Cardiol 1997 80 Akar F Uydes-Dogan BS Tufan H Aslamaci S Koksoy C Kanzik I The comparison of the responsiveness of human isolated internal mammary and gastroepiploic arteries to levcromakalim: an alternative approach to the management of graft spasm Br J Clin Pharmacol 1997 44
S1409-414220050003 Revista Costarricense de Cardiología Rev. costarric. cardiol 1409-4142 Asociación Costarricense de Cardiología S1409-41422005000300009 Insuficiencia cardíaca aguda descompensada: un enfoque actualizado Speranza Mario O ,Hospital Clínica Bíblica San José Costa Rica 07 2005 2005 7 19 24 Executive summary of the guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of acute heart failure. The Task Force on Acute Heart Failure of the European Society of Cardiology Eur Heart J 2005 26 Massie BM Scientific Conference and Abstract News. Acute Heart Failure: Pathophysiology and Current Treatment Approaches Scientific Conference and Abstract News. Acute Heart Failure: Pathophysiology and Current Treatment Approaches 2005 University of Florida Shah M Late Breaking Clinical Trials Abstract Late Breaking Clinical Trials Abstract American Heart Association 2004 Scientific Sessions November 7-10, 2004 New Orleans LA Krumholz HM Am J Cardiol 2000 85 OPTIME CHF (Outcomes of a Prospective Trial of IV Milrinone for Exacerbations of Chronic Heart Failure) study JAMA 2002 287 Young JB V-MAC (Vasodilation in the Management of Acute Congestive Heart Failure) study Circulation 200 102 Teerlink JR RITZ-1 (Randomized Intervention with Tezosentan) Trial Circulation 2004 110 11^sSuppl III Elkayam U ESCAPE (Evaluation Study of Congestive Heart Failure and Pulmonary Artery Catheterization Effectiveness) Trial Circulation 2004 110 11^sSuppl III Teerlink JR Scientific Conference and Abstract News. Acute Heart Failure: Pathophysiology and Current Treatment Approaches Scientific Conference and Abstract News. Acute Heart Failure: Pathophysiology and Current Treatment Approaches 2005 University of Florida Michaels AD Heart Failure Society of America Annual Scientific Meeting September 12-15; 2004 Toronto Kersten JR Anes Analg 2000 90 Halkala H Cardivasc Res 1997 34 Nieminen MS J Am Coll Cardiol 2000 36 Slawsky MT Circulation 2000 102 Follath F LIDO (Levosimendan Infusion Versus Dobutamine) study Lancet 2002 360 Moiseyev MS RUSSLAN study Eur Heart J 2002 18 Mebazaa A Scientific Conference and Abstract News. Acute Heart Failure: Pathophysiology and Current Treatment Approaches Scientific Conference and Abstract News. Acute Heart Failure: Pathophysiology and Current Treatment Approaches 2005 University of Florida Packer M Scientific Conference and Abstract News. Acute Heart Failure: Pathophysiology and Current Treatment Approaches Scientific Conference and Abstract News. Acute Heart Failure: Pathophysiology and Current Treatment Approaches 2005 University of Florida Cohn JN N Engl J Med 1982 306 Scanner-Bernstein J Am Coll Cardiol 2003 Zairis CASINO study J Am Coll Cardiol 2004 Packer M REVIVE II (Multicenter Placebo-Controlled Trial of Levosimendan on Clinical Status in Acutely Decompensated Heart Failure) study. Late Breaking Clinical Trials Session REVIVE II (Multicenter Placebo-Controlled Trial of Levosimendan on Clinical Status in Acutely Decompensated Heart Failure) study. Late Breaking Clinical Trials Session American Heart Association 2005 Scientific Sessions November 13-16, 2005 Dallas Texas Mebazaa A SURVIVE-W Trial (Comparison of Dobutamine and Levosimendan on Survival in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure). Late Breaking Clinical Trials Session SURVIVE-W Trial (Comparison of Dobutamine and Levosimendan on Survival in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure). Late Breaking Clinical Trials Session American Heart Association 2005 Scientific Sessions November 13-16, 2005 Dallas Texas
S1409-414220050003 Revista Costarricense de Cardiología Rev. costarric. cardiol 1409-4142 Asociación Costarricense de Cardiología S1409-41422005000300010 Doble vena cava superior: a propósito de 3 casos Garita Jiménez Elliott Robelo Pentzke Bayardo Chamorro Castro Rodrigo Salazar Vargas Carlos ,C.C.S.S San José Costa Rica 07 2005 2005 7 25 27

En medicina moderna con mucha frecuencia se necesita acceder las grandes venas del tórax o las cavidades cardíacas derechas, sea para medir presiones, cateterismos derechos, colocación de electrodos u otros procedimientos. Con frecuencia encontramos anomalías de la anatomía venosa que dificultan la inserción de los catéteres o guías o complican las cirugías particularmente las de corazón abierto. La presencia de doble vena cava superior no es tan infrecuente y el médico debe saber reconocer su existencia. Se presentan los casos de 3 pacientes atendidos en el Hospital R. A. Calderón Guardia con doble vena cava superior y se discute las implicaciones de la existencia de esta anomalía.

Nowadays is pretty common to need access to the great intrathoracic veins or to the right sided cardiac chambers. Frequently is necessary to measure chamber pressures, to perform right heart catheterizations, and to insert pacemaker electrodes. However it is not uncommon to find anatomical variations of the venous system, that create difficulties when advancing guide wires, electrodes or catherters, or flood the surgical field during the repair of lesions approached via the right atrium. A double superior vena cava is seldomly encountered but the physician has to know how to andel the difficulties imposed by its presencie. The cases of 3 patients with this anomaly are herein presented. Its implications are discussed.

 Forssmann Werner Mr. Ring ‘s case. A singular case of malformation of the heart Mr. Ring ‘s case. A singular case of malformation of the heart 1805 13 Singh B Ramsaroop L Maharaj J Reddi A 2005 18 Moore KL Persaud TVN "The developing human". Cap. 14. The Cardiovascular System "The developing human". Cap. 14. The Cardiovascular System 1993 5ta. ed ^ePhiladelphia W.B. Saunders Co Ramirez H. F Milani A. P Dubner S.J Bruno C.A Borracci R.A Implante de marcapasos bicameral con vena cava superior izquierda persistente Rev Argent Cardiol 2002 70 Zerbe F Bornakowski J Sarnowski W Pacemaker electrode implantation in patients with persistent left superior vena cava Br Heart J 1992 67 Dirix LY Kersschot IE Fierens H Implantation of a dual chamber pacemaker in a patient with persistent left superior vena cava Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 1988 11 Kouchoukos N Blackstone EH Doty DB Hanley Frank L Karp RB Kirklin/ Barratt-Boyes Cap. 2. Hypothermia, circulatory arrest, and cardiopulmonary bypass Cardiac Surgery Cardiac Surgery 2003 3a Philadelphia Churchill Livingstone Emery RW Arom KV Emery RW Miller LW Techniques in cardiac transplantation Handbook of cardiac transplantation Handbook of cardiac transplantation 1996 Philadelphia Hanley & Belfus, Inc Hsu LF Jais P Keane D Wharton JM Deisenhofer I Hocini M Shah DC Sanders P Scavee C Weerasooriya R Clementy J Haisaguerre M Atrial fibrillation originating from persistent left superior vena cava Circulation 2004 109
S1409-414220050003 Revista Costarricense de Cardiología Rev. costarric. cardiol 1409-4142 Asociación Costarricense de Cardiología S1409-41422005000300012 Síndrome de Marfán Vasquez Torres Gerardo Gutiérrez Sotelo Oswaldo ,C.C.S.S San José Costa Rica 07 2005 2005 7 31 34

Se presenta el caso de una familia con síndrome de Marfan diagnosticada a través de uno de sus miembros quien ingresó a la sala de urgencias por un episodio de insuficiencia cardíaca.

We present a case of a family with Marfan´s syndrome first diagnosed through one family member who presented to the emergency room with heart failure.

 Ho NCY Tran J Bektas A Marfans síndrome Lancet 2005 3 Nollen GJ Mulder BJM What is new in the Marfan syndrome? International Journal of Cardiology 2004 97 Zalzstein E Hamilton R Zucker N Diamant S Webb G Aortic dissection in children and young adults: diagnosis, patients at risk, and outcomes Cardiol Young 2003 13 Mas C Iturrino R Protocolo de manejo cardiovascular en el síndrome de Marfán Revista Costarricense de Cardiología 2004 6 3 Meijboom LJ Timmermans J Zwinderman AH Engelfriet PM Mulder BJM Aortic Root Growth in Men and Women With the Marfan’s Syndrome Am J Cardiol 2005 96 Lazarevic AM Nakatani S Okita Y Marinkovic J Takeda Y Hirooka K Matsuo H Kitamura s Yamagishi m Miyatake k Determinants of rapid progression of aortic root dilatation and complications in Marfan syndrome International Journal of Cardiology 2006 106 Nienaber C Eagle K Aortic Dissection: New Frontiers in Diagnosis and Management. Part I. From Etiology to diagnostic Strategies Circulation 2003 108
S1409-414220050003 Revista Costarricense de Cardiología Rev. costarric. cardiol 1409-4142 Asociación Costarricense de Cardiología S1409-41422005000300013 Electrocardiograma del Mes Araya Gómez Vivien ,Centro Cardiológico Integral 07 2005 2005 7 35 35
S1409-414220050003 Revista Costarricense de Cardiología Rev. costarric. cardiol 1409-4142 Asociación Costarricense de Cardiología S1409-41422005000300011 Taponamiento cardíaco por hipotiroidismo: descripción de 2 casos Rojas-Solano José Rafael Peláez-Gil María Claudia Jiménez-Bolaños Francisco ,Residente de Medicina Interna ,C.C.S.S. San José Costa Rica 07 2005 2005 7 28 30

Rara vez el derrame pericárdico en el hipotiroidismo evoluciona al taponamiento cardíaco, complicación que es mortal si no se diagnostica y trata a tiempo. En este artículo describimos dos singulares casos y discutimos aspectos importantes de la fisiopatología, diagnóstico y manejo de esta enfermedad.

Pericardial effusion in hypothyroidism seldom evolves to cardiac tamponade, a fatal complication if diagnosis and treatment are delayed. In this article, we describe 2 singular cases and discuss important facts about the pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of this disease.

 Roberts C Ladenson P Hypothyroidism Lancet 2004 363 9411 Parving HH Hansen JM Nielsen SL Mechanisms of edema formation in myxedema-increased protein extravasation and relatively slow lymphatic drainage N Engl J Med 1979 301 9 Sachdev Y Hall R Effusions into body cavities in hypothyroidism Lancet 1975 1 7906 Hollenberg M Dougherty J Lymph flow and 131I-albumin resorption from pericardial effusions in man Am J Cardiol 1969 24 4 Smolar EN Rubin JE Avramides A Cardiac tamponade in primary myxedema and review of the literature Am J Med Sci 1976 272 3 Kabadi UM Kumar SP Pericardial Effusion in Primary Hypothyroidism Am Heart J 1990 120 6 Jimenéz-Nácher JJ de Alonso N Vega B Taponamiento cardíaco como forma de presentación de un hipotiroidismo primario en una mujer joven Rev Clin Esp 1993 193 6 Arvan S Pericardial tamponade in a patient with treated myxedema Arch Intern Med 1983 143 10 Spodick D Acute cardiac tamponade N Engl J Med 2003 349 7 Rachid A Caum LC Trentini AP Pericardial effusion with cardiac tamponade as a form of presentation of primary hypothyroidism Arq Bras Cardiol 2002 78 6 Gupta R Munyak J Haydock T Hypothyroidism presenting as acute cardiac tamponade with viral pericarditis Am J Emerg Med 1999 17 2 Martí V Guarinos J Domínguez de Rozas JM Derrame pericárdico masivo y taponamiento cardíaco como forma de presentación de hipotiroidismo Rev Med Chil 2001 129 10 Klein I Ojamaa K Thyroid hormone and the cardiovascular system N Engl J Med 2001 344 7 Lin C Liu C Lin T Mixedema associated with cardiac tamponade Jpn Heart J 2003 44 3
S1409-414220050003 Revista Costarricense de Cardiología Rev. costarric. cardiol 1409-4142 Asociación Costarricense de Cardiología S1409-41422005000300014 Fe de erratas , 07 2005 2005 7 34 34