<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1" ?>
<articles>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id pub-id-type="pid">S1409-414220060003</journal-id>
<journal-title>Revista Costarricense de Cardiología</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title>Rev. costarric. cardiol</abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1409-4142</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Asociación Costarricense de Cardiología</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1409-41422006000300001</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Cardiodesfibriladores implantables en la insuficiencia cardiaca: ¿calle sin salida?</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Gutiérrez Sotelo</surname>
<given-names>Dr. Oswaldo</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution>,Hospital México  </institution>
<addr-line>San José </addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<month>09</month>
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>8</volume>
<fpage>3</fpage>
<lpage>5</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http:/www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1409-41422006000300001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1409-41422006000300001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1409-41422006000300001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri></article-meta>
</front>
</article>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id pub-id-type="pid">S1409-414220060003</journal-id>
<journal-title>Revista Costarricense de Cardiología</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title>Rev. costarric. cardiol</abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1409-4142</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Asociación Costarricense de Cardiología</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1409-41422006000300002</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Cierre espontáneo de la comunicación interventricular muscular aislada y la perimembranosa con aneurisma del septum</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Castro B</surname>
<given-names>Abdón</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Castro S</surname>
<given-names>José I</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Yong P</surname>
<given-names>Bernal</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Mas R</surname>
<given-names>Carlos</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Gutiérrez</surname>
<given-names>Rafael</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Faerron A</surname>
<given-names>Jorge</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution>,Hospital Nacional de Niños  </institution>
<addr-line> </addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<month>09</month>
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>8</volume>
<fpage>7</fpage>
<lpage>9</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http:/www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1409-41422006000300002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1409-41422006000300002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1409-41422006000300002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p>Introducción y objetivo: La comunicación interventricular (CIV) es la cardiopatía congénita más frecuente en todas las edades. El presente estudio se realizó con el fin de conocer el porcentaje de CIVs musculares aisladas y perimembranosas con aneurisma del septum que se cierran espontáneamente y en cuánto tiempo lo hacen. Métodos: De febrero 2003 a diciembre 2005 se recolectaron 75 casos de neonatos diagnosticados con CIV muscular aislada y 10 con CIV perimembranosa aislada y con formación de aneurisma, quienes fueron seguidos por un periodo de al menos 30 meses. Se usó como método de diagnóstico la ecocardiografía bidimensional y el mapeo con Doppler color Resultados: Al año de seguimiento, el 68% de las CIV musculares se cerró espontáneamente y 90% a los 2 años. Solo un 10% de las CIV perimembranosas con aneurisma del septum se cerraron a los 2 años de seguimiento. El tamaño de las comunicaciones varió de 1,5 a 6 mm en ambos grupos. Conclusión: Las CIV musculares cierran espontáneamente en el 90% de los casos a los 2 años de edad, no así las perimembranosas en que lo hacen solo en un 10% de los casos.</p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction and objective: Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is the most frequent congenital heart anomaly. This study was planned to establish the percentage of spontaneous closure of isolated muscular and isolated perimembranous (with septal aneurysm) VSD and their time of closure. Methods: From February 2003 to December 2005, we collected 75 neonates with muscular VSD and 10 with perimembranous VSD with septal aneurysm, who had a follow up period of at least 30 months. Two D echo and color Doppler mapping were utilized as diagnostic method. Results: after 1 year of follow-up, 68% of all muscular VSDs had closed and 90% had done so at the age of 2, however only 10% of perimembranous VSDs with septal aneurysm had closed at 2 years of age. The size of the defects varied from 1,5 to 6 mm in both groups. Conclusion: a muscular VSD closes around the second year of life in 90% of the cases and in 10% of the perimembranous VSD group with septal aneurysm.</p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd>comunicación interventricular</kwd>
<kwd>muscular aislada</kwd>
<kwd>perimembranosa</kwd>
<kwd>aneurisma del septum</kwd>
<kwd>cierre espontáneo</kwd>
<kwd>Ventricular septal defect</kwd>
<kwd>isolated muscular</kwd>
<kwd>perimembranous</kwd>
<kwd>septal aneurysm</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id pub-id-type="pid">S1409-414220060003</journal-id>
<journal-title>Revista Costarricense de Cardiología</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title>Rev. costarric. cardiol</abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1409-4142</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Asociación Costarricense de Cardiología</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1409-41422006000300004</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Síndrome metabólico: ¿Un elefante en una caja?</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Quirós Alpízar</surname>
<given-names>José Luis</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Miranda Solís</surname>
<given-names>Lisa</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Solís Barquero</surname>
<given-names>Juan Pablo</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A03"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution>,Hospital San Juan de Dios  </institution>
<addr-line>San José </addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution>,Universidad de Costa Rica  </institution>
<addr-line> </addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A03">
<institution>,Hospital San Juan de Dios  </institution>
<addr-line>San José </addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<month>09</month>
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>8</volume>
<fpage>19</fpage>
<lpage>23</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http:/www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1409-41422006000300004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1409-41422006000300004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1409-41422006000300004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p>El síndrome metabólico (SM) es una entidad compleja, que incluye factores de riesgo predictores de enfermedad cardiovascular. Entre ellos podemos mencionar la obesidad, diabetes e hipertensión arterial, pero sus criterios y definición en el síndrome metabólico han sido revisadas y criticadas en diversas publicaciones médicas. Presentamos una revisión de la fisiopatología del SM, destacando la participación del tejido adiposo en la resistencia a la insulina, y las guías terapéuticas de la Federación Internacional de Diabetes.</p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p>The metabolic syndrome (MS) is a complex entity that includes a group of risk factors used in the prediction of coronary disease. These factors include obesity, diabetes and hypertension, but the syndrome has been criticized and revised in various medical journals. We present a review of the physiopathology of the MS, especially of the role of the adipose tissue in insulin resistance, and the new international Federation of Diabetes treatment guidelines for MS.</p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd>sindrome metabólico</kwd>
<kwd>resistencia insulina</kwd>
<kwd>enfermedad cardiovascular</kwd>
<kwd>diabetes mellitus</kwd>
<kwd>hipertensión arterial</kwd>
<kwd>obesidad</kwd>
<kwd>metabolic syndrome</kwd>
<kwd>insuline resistence</kwd>
<kwd>cardiovascular disease</kwd>
<kwd>diabetes mellitas</kwd>
<kwd>hipertensión</kwd>
<kwd>obesity</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
<back>
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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id pub-id-type="pid">S1409-414220060003</journal-id>
<journal-title>Revista Costarricense de Cardiología</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title>Rev. costarric. cardiol</abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1409-4142</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Asociación Costarricense de Cardiología</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1409-41422006000300005</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Disección de aorta en 2 pacientes con prótesis valvulares aórticas</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Otero Norza</surname>
<given-names>Diana</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Robelo Pentzke</surname>
<given-names>Bayardo</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Chamorro Castro</surname>
<given-names>Rodrigo</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Garita Jiménez</surname>
<given-names>Elliot</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Salazar Vargas</surname>
<given-names>Carlos</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution>,Hospital R. A. Calderón Guardia  </institution>
<addr-line>San José </addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<month>09</month>
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>8</volume>
<fpage>25</fpage>
<lpage>28</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http:/www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1409-41422006000300005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1409-41422006000300005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1409-41422006000300005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p>La disección aórtica es una verdadera catástrofe vascular que puede ocurrir espontáneamente en enfermos con padecimientos propios de la pared del vaso o bien asociada a condiciones tales como embarazo, hipertensión, aortitis o trauma. Ocasionalmente vemos pacientes que presentan disección después de cirugía cardiaca, particularmente después de reemplazo de la válvula aórtica. El diagnóstico puede ser obvio o muy difícil y el eco trans-esofágico, la tomografía axial del tórax y la resonancia magnética lo pueden demostrar claramente. El tratamiento es quirúrgico y consiste en la resección de la aorta ascendente y su substitución por un injerto en el cual se reimplantan las coronarias. La mortalidad operatoria en general es alta, a pesar de la experiencia del centro tratante. Se presentan los casos de 2 pacientes que desarrollaron disección aórtica postoperatoria, uno 11 años y el otro 4 meses después de un reemplazo valvular aórtico; al primero se le implantó una prótesis mecánica y al segundo una biológica. Ambos pacientes declinaron tratarse quirúrgicamente y fueron dados de alta con tratamiento médico.</p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p>Aortic dissection is a very serious complication that may occur spontaneously in patients with anomalies of the vessel wall itself or it may be associated to certain conditions such as pregnancy, hypertension, aortitis or trauma. Occasionally we see patients with aortic dissection after cardiac surgery, particularly aortic valve replacement. The diagnosis may be difficult or it may be obvious. Trans-esophageal echocardiography, computerized axial tomography or magnetic resonance imaging can diagnose this situation quite clearly. Surgery is the treatment of choice and it entails replacing the ascending aorta and reattaching the coronary ostia. Surgical mortality is high in spite of the center experience. We present herein the cases of 2 individuals who developed aortic dissection, one 11 years and the other 4 months after an aortic valve replacement. The first patient had undergone implantation of a mechanical prosthesis and the other had a biological valve. Both patients declined surgery and were discharged on medical management.</p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd>Reemplazo valvular aórtico</kwd>
<kwd>Disección aórtica</kwd>
<kwd>Circulación extracorpórea</kwd>
<kwd>Aortic valve replacement</kwd>
<kwd>Aortic dissection</kwd>
<kwd>Extracorporeal circulation</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id pub-id-type="pid">S1409-414220060003</journal-id>
<journal-title>Revista Costarricense de Cardiología</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title>Rev. costarric. cardiol</abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1409-4142</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Asociación Costarricense de Cardiología</publisher-name>
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<article-id>S1409-41422006000300006</article-id>
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<institution>,Hospital Rafael A. Calderón Guardia  </institution>
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<copyright-statement/>
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<kwd>Myotonic Dystrophy</kwd>
<kwd>Ventricular Tachycardia</kwd>
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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id pub-id-type="pid">S1409-414220060003</journal-id>
<journal-title>Revista Costarricense de Cardiología</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title>Rev. costarric. cardiol</abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1409-4142</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Asociación Costarricense de Cardiología</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1409-41422006000300007</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Efectos de la vitamina E sobre la toxicidad digitálica en un modelo experimental</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Fuenmayor A</surname>
<given-names>Abdel J</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
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<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>González</surname>
<given-names>Jorge</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Fuenmayor P</surname>
<given-names>Abdel M</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution>,Universidad de Los Andes  </institution>
<addr-line>Mérida </addr-line>
<country>Venezuela</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<month>09</month>
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>8</volume>
<fpage>33</fpage>
<lpage>35</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http:/www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1409-41422006000300007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1409-41422006000300007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1409-41422006000300007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p>Introducción y objetivos: Los digitálicos tienen un margen terapéutico estrecho y con su uso se observan con frecuencia los cuadros de toxicidad que pueden manifestarse por arritmias mediadas por actividad disparada. La actividad disparada se produce por oscilaciones iónicas a través de las membranas y la vitamina E, como agente estabilizador de membranas, podría contrarrestar este tipo de arritmias, efecto que, hasta el presente, no ha sido investigado. Métodos: Para investigar el efecto de la vitamina E sobre la toxicidad digitálica estudiamos 40 ratas Wistar, machos, adultos. Veinte ratas recibieron digoxina intraperitoneal (30 mg/Kg.) y 20 recibieron placebo. A la mitad de cada grupo de 20 se le administró vitamina E endovenosa y a la otra mitad, placebo de vitamina E. Resultados: En los animales que recibieron digoxina se observó mayor mortalidad, bradicardia sinusal, bloqueo A-V, y arritmias supraventriculares y ventriculares. No encontramos diferencias significativas entre el grupo de animales que recibieron vitamina E y el de los que recibieron placebo de la vitamina E. Conclusión: En este modelo experimental de intoxicación digitálica la vitamina E intravenosa no ofrece protección ni efecto terapéutico.</p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p>Background: Cardiac glycosides are widely used and frequently induce cardiac toxicity that often manifests as cardiac arrhythmias mediated by triggered activity. Triggered arrhythmias are produced by ionic oscillating currents across the cell membrane during the repolarization phase of the cardiac cycle. Vitamin E stabilizes cell membranes and could protect against arrhythmias induced by digitalis toxicity. Methods: In order to evaluate this hypothesis we studied 40 male, adult, Wistar rats. Twenty animals received digoxin (30 mg/Kg intraperitoneally) and 20 received placebo. Ten animals of each group received Vitamin E and the other 10 received Vitamin E-placebo. Results: The group that received digoxin evidenced a significantly higher mortality and greater incidence of sinus bradicardia, A-V block, supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias. There were no significant differences between the vitamin E treated animals and the vitamin E-placebo groups. We conclude that in this model vitamin E does not protect against digitalis cardiac toxicity.</p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd>Toxicidad digitálica</kwd>
<kwd>Vitamina E</kwd>
<kwd>Ratas Wistar</kwd>
<kwd>Digitalis toxicity</kwd>
<kwd>Vitamin E</kwd>
<kwd>Wistar rats</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id pub-id-type="pid">S1409-414220060003</journal-id>
<journal-title>Revista Costarricense de Cardiología</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title>Rev. costarric. cardiol</abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1409-4142</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Asociación Costarricense de Cardiología</publisher-name>
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<article-id>S1409-41422006000300008</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Electrocardiograma del mes</article-title>
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<surname>Araya Gómez</surname>
<given-names>Dra. Vivien</given-names>
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<aff id="A01">
<institution>,Centro Cardiológico Integral  </institution>
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<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<month>09</month>
<year>2006</year>
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<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>8</volume>
<fpage>37</fpage>
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<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http:/www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1409-41422006000300008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1409-41422006000300008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1409-41422006000300008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri></article-meta>
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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id pub-id-type="pid">S1409-414220060003</journal-id>
<journal-title>Revista Costarricense de Cardiología</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title>Rev. costarric. cardiol</abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1409-4142</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Asociación Costarricense de Cardiología</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1409-41422006000300003</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es">Riesgo cardiovascular global en la población adulta del área urbana del Cantón Central de Cartago, Costa Rica</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Guzmán Padilla</surname>
<given-names>Sonia</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Roselló Araya</surname>
<given-names>Marlene</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution>,Instituto Costarricense de Investigación y Enseñanza en Nutrición y Salud (INCIENSA)  </institution>
<addr-line> </addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution>,Instituto Costarricense de Investigación y Enseñanza en Nutrición y Salud (INCIENSA)  </institution>
<addr-line> </addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<month>09</month>
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>8</volume>
<fpage>11</fpage>
<lpage>17</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http:/www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1409-41422006000300003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1409-41422006000300003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso&amp;tlng=en"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1409-41422006000300003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p>Introducción y Objetivo General: Determinar el riesgo cardiovascular global (RCG) en las personas del área urbana de Cantón Central de Cartago, mediante la aplicación de las diferentes tablas de cálculo de dicho riesgo, con el fin de facilitar una herramienta en el seguimiento de las enfermedades cardiovasculares al primer nivel de atención primaria en Costa Rica. Metodología: El estudio es de tipo descriptivo, transversal, a partir de la base de datos CARMEN (Conjunto de Acciones para la Reducción Multifactorial de Enfermedades No Transmisibles, Cartago 2001) se tomó una muestra de 735 casos que contaban con datos de encuestas, presión arterial y de laboratorio clínico. Se asignaron los puntajes a las variables de acuerdo a las tablas de RCG seleccionadas para este estudio y se analizaron con el programa SPSS. Resultados: Más del 70% la población se clasificó en RCG bajo en todas las tablas, analizada tanto según sexo como según los diferentes factores de riesgo cardiovascular, excepto para la diabetes. La concordancia entre las tablas de Wilson comparada con la de Framingham clásica y los niveles de riesgo obtenidos fue 0,82, 0.84 y 0,76 (IC95% 0,76 - 0,87) para el total de muestra, hombre y mujeres respectivamente, &quot;casi perfecto&quot; para la población total y para los hombres, y &quot;sustancial&quot;, para las mujeres. Conclusión: La utilización de las tablas para RCG es útil y las recomendaciones que la acompañan debe considerarse para la toma de decisiones en la consulta de atención primaria.</p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p>Aim: To determine and compare the Global Cardiovascular Risk (GCR) in a urban population of the central county of the province of Cartago, Costa Rica, through the application of different cardiovascular risk reference tables, in order to establish an applicable tool for cardiovascular diseases follow-up in a primary health level of attention in Costa Rica. Methodology: This is a descriptive, transversal study, from the CARMEN database (Conjunto de Acciones para la Reducción Multifactorial de Enfermedades No Transmisibles, Cartago, Costa Rica, 2001), that included 735 cases whose demographics, blood pressure and clinical laboratory data were available. Using the SPSS software, an statistical analysis was carried out by assigning a value to the variables according to the GCR tables used in the study. Results: More than 70% of the population included in the study was classified at low GCR according to the tables used. Analysis by sex and by the different cardiovascular risk factors was similar, except for diabetes mellitus. Concordance values for the Wilson table compared with the classic Framingham table were 0,82, 0.84 and 0,76 (IC95% 0,76 - 0,87) for the total of the sample, for men and for women, respectively. Conclusion: The use of GCR tables and their recommendations should be considered in the making decision process of the primary attention services.</p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd>Riesgo cardiovascular global</kwd>
<kwd>Enfermedad cardiovascular</kwd>
<kwd>Factores de riesgo</kwd>
<kwd>Tablas de riesgo cardiovascular</kwd>
<kwd>Global Cardiovascular Risk</kwd>
<kwd>Cardiovascular Disease</kwd>
<kwd>Risk factor</kwd>
<kwd>Risk factor tables</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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